台中市金沙國際商業大樓火災模擬研究

Fire Simulation of Military dependents in Guangrong W. Rd. of Jhung-sing Shin Tsun

徐國龍(Kuo-Lung Hsu)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2012.00357

摘要

摘要
國內外高樓火災頻傳逃生不易；因消防雲梯車之高度有限，將無法由建築物之外部支援逃生，往往因為逃生無門最後僅能自求多福。例如：(1990年)美國911事件，即可看見許多人因忍受不住高溫而自高樓縱身跳樓猶如自殺、又上海市靜安區一棟28層大樓火災，這起意外造成53人死亡；另外國內，北市忠誠路高樓火災案例中，二位老人家因雲梯車高度不足而在眾目睽睽之下，在大樓內被活活燒死，均可為鑑例。
因此每個人都知道火災的可怕，但是卻也常常忽略它的危險性，一旦發生火災，因室內多為易燃材質，火災情況很容易擴大；本文所探究的是施工不慎所引起的火災，於本例2005年亦占頗高的比例，而火災事件的發生經常是造成人命與財產損失最重要的原因。
為避免或減少類似災害之發生，因此高樓建築物的火災研究，是我研究的重要主題。分析歷年火災統計資料發現，平均每年建築物火災比率高達60%，由於火災的高溫、濃煙及大量的有毒氣體將造成許多家庭、財產及寶貴生命的喪失。因此，本研究以火災之場模式模擬軟體Fire Dynamics Simulator（FDS）分析「台中市金沙國際商業大樓」之火場。研究火場中溫度場、濃度場之分佈與變化，針對不同的參數改變，探討相關參數對火災的關係，最後再將模擬結果利用改變材質等方式，以瞭解各參數對人員逃生有何影響，藉以提供防火工程上之參考。

關鍵字

高樓火災 ； 場模式 ； FDS

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
Domestic and foreign high-rise fires are frequent happened and the evacuation is very difficult, too. Due to the height of fire ladder truck is limited, made firemen incapable of supporting people escape from the outside of the buildings, so people must be self- escape or only hope for miracle. For example: (1990), New York 911 events, the person who could not bear the high temperature and asphyxia smoke, jumped down from the high-rise just like a suicide, and there was also a 28-story building fire accident in Shanghai City, caused 53 dead; another domestic fire case in Taipei City, the Jung-Cheng Road high-rise fire, there were two aged person burned to death in the building before the crowd eyes. All the tragedies above were considered as lessons of cases. Fire is terrible and danger, but often ignored by the people. In the event of fire, due to indoor flammable material, the fire spread fast and widely, lead to serious personnel casualties and property losses.
To avoid or reduce the occurrence of similar disasters, high-rise building fire research is an important theme of this thesis. Building fires are nearly 60% of the annual fire event, according to the yearly statistics analysis in Taiwan, caused a lot of family and personnel damages.
This thesis is selecting the fire case of Golden Sand International Commercial Building in Taichung for fire study. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) has been used to investigate the fire scene for field model simulation. The distribution and changes of the temperature and concentration field has observed and change different parameters to explore the relationship of the relevant parameters on the fire. The simulation results reveal the impact of various parameters on the staff escape in order to provide a reference on the fire protection engineering.

並列關鍵字

high-rise fire ； the field mode ； FDS

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