父母親與兒童選擇牙醫師的相關性

The Relativity of Preference for Dentists Between Parents and Children

唐耀晟(Yao-Cheng Tang)

指導教授 ： 陳弘森

共同指導教授 ： 黃惠玲

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/牙醫學研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

研究目的：
在兒童牙科治療中，牙醫師須將專業角色與照顧角色結合，牙科治療過程易引起病患的焦慮與不安，選擇自己信賴的牙科醫師，在看診時的焦慮就能明顯降低，對兒童的牙科治療，我們更應考慮此項因素的影響。本研究針對兒童選擇牙醫師的趨向及父母親的態度對兒童選擇牙醫的影響，作深入的探討。
材料與方法：
自高雄市內社會局立案之幼稚園及托兒所中隨機抽取8所托兒所、幼稚園的兒童排除身心障礙與不合作之兒童及不願配合之家長，共得408人（男童196人，女童212人，年齡介於三歲到六歲之間）。對兒童進行面談及發給父母問卷調查。所得結果以JMP5.1統計軟體進行卡方檢定。
結果：
學齡前兒童會選擇與自己同性別之牙醫師與年輕的牙醫師，父母親對兒童選擇牙醫師並不影響。父母親對牙醫師的選擇在牙科看診中並不偏向任何性別，唯有小孩看診行為不配合時，會傾向選擇年輕女性牙醫師。
結論：
兒童會選擇與自己同樣性別的牙醫師，並會選擇年輕的牙醫師，在兒童看診行為不配合時，父母親會選擇年輕女性牙醫師。兒童對牙醫師的選擇不受父母親影響。

關鍵字

牙醫師性別 ； 兒童 ； 父母 ； 牙科治療

並列摘要

Objectives:
In pediatric dental treatment, the dentists are able to combine both the competence associated with the masculine role and the caring associated with the feminine role. The public is becoming better educated about dentistry, and with an increased awareness and the availability of choices for dental care provider, anxiety may be reduced. The behavior control of dental treatment plays an important role in the development of children's attitudes. One important factor is that children like the dentist or not. The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether a child's attitude about the dentist could be related to the parental opinion and selection of a dentist and whether this could influence the child's preference for a male or female dentist.
Materials and Methods:
We interviewed with four hundred and eight children ( no mental disorders and handicapping conditions ) and his or her parents. The children were randomly selected from pre-schools, day care centers of the Kao-hsiung city. One operator conducted the interviews, which consisted of showing the child four photographs, two female and two male.
Result:
The results indicated that the children's selection of a dentist was related to the sex of the children. Children most often chose a dentist of their own sex. The parents had no preference of a dentist of sex. Parents do not influence their child's selection of a dentist. But when the child was incooperative during the dental treatment, parents would have great tendency to select young female dentists.
Conclusion:
Parents do not appear to influence their child's selection of a dentist.

並列關鍵字

the gender of dentists ； children ； parents ； dental treatment

參考文獻

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3. Maccoby, E. and Jacklin, C.: The Psychology of Sex Differences. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974, p279.

4. Hartley, R. and Hardesty, F.: Children's perceptions of sex roles in childhood. J Genet Psychol,105:43-51, 1964.

5. Kleinknecht, R.; Klepac, R.; Alexander, L.: Origins and characteristics of fear of dentistry. JADA, 86: 842-848, April, 1973