屏東縣原住民國中生口腔衛生教育介入之研究

Intervention study of oral health education on junior high school children in Ping-Tung county aboriginal area

朱彥玲(Yen-Ling Chu)

指導教授 ： 謝天渝

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2003年)

摘要

本研究目的在於瞭解原住民青少年口腔狀況及口腔保健認知、態度與行為的影響因素，並評估衛教介入後對原住民學生的效果。
本研究先以立意取樣，選擇屏東縣原住民國中生為研究對象，其中實驗組計99人，對照組計96人，共計195人。
在衛教介入前兩組學生先行口腔篩檢以了解其口腔狀況，並接受前測藉以瞭解研究對象的評量基礎。介入活動為期一個月（六個單元），介入活動結束一週內實施後測以瞭解介入之立即效果；兩個月後實施後後測，則為評量介入後之持續效果。
資料結果分析如下：1.原住民學生DMFT值實驗組為4.78，對照組為3.75。2.原住民學生齲齒盛行率偏高。可見學生齲齒罹患情況之嚴重程度。3.認知部分，實驗組在衛生教育介入後，口腔保健、吸菸、嚼檳榔、飲酒認知上皆有明顯的提高。口腔保健部分，實驗組前測時其平均值雖與對照組有明顯之差異，但實驗組在衛生教育介入後其平均值明顯增加，兩組在後測已呈無顯著差異4.態度部分，實驗組在衛生教育介入後的前測與後測、後測與後後測、前測與後後測的比較，都呈現明顯的差異。口腔保健、吸菸、嚼檳榔、飲酒態度上皆有明顯的提高，對照組並無此發現。5.口腔保健行為上，在使用含氟牙膏的比例，兩組在後測時使用比例已達統計學上明顯差異。刷牙次數一次或更多次的人數，在實驗組也明顯增加。刷牙方法實驗組由前測時橫擦法佔多數（58.58﹪），後測時則以貝氏刷牙法為多數（95.96﹪）。6.菸、酒、檳榔在認知部分的平均分數雖高，但在行為的部分卻未見其改善，可見得行為的改變不是一蹴可幾的，可利用社區資源增加社區活動，藉由活動來轉移其注意力，以減少菸、酒、檳榔的行為發生。
關鍵字：原住民國中生、口腔衛生教育介入

關鍵字

原住民國中生 ； 口腔衛生教育介入

並列摘要

The aims of this study were both to understand such factors as oral condition, oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among aboriginal youth in Ping-tung County and to evaluate the effect of oral health education intervention.
The aboriginal junior high school students schildren in Ping-tung County were selected through purposive sampling as research samples (99 students in the experimental group and 96 students in the control group).
Both groups were subjected to the oral examination and pre-test for the researcher to determine their oral health condition and evaluation benchmark respectively. Within a week after the education intervention, which lasted for a month (six units), the post-test was executed to understand the immediate effects of the education intervention; the second-post-test was implemented after two months to evaluate the continuous effects of the education intervention.
The results of data analysis were presented as follows:1.The DMFT value of the experimental group was 4.78 and that of the control group 3.75.2.Since the caries prevalence rate was over 80%, the severity of the students’ caries was apparent.3.As for health knowledge, the knowledge of oral health protection, cigarette smoking, betel quid chewing and alcohol consumption significantly improved among the experimental group members after the education intervention. With respect to the knowledge of oral health protection, though the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group revealed significant difference in the pre-test, the mean score of the experimental group increased after the education intervention. But both groups did not showed significant difference in this respect in the post-test.4.In the aspect of attitudes, the comparisons between pre-test and post-test, post-test and second-post-test, and pre-test and second -post-test revealed significant differences in the experimental group after the education intervention; in the same group, the attitudes toward oral health protection, smoking, betel quid chewing and alcohol consumption also improved significantly. Yet, such results were not found in the control group.5.As for oral health behaviors, the difference of the two groups’ percentages of using fluoride toothpaste was statistically significant in the post-test. Meanwhile, the number of people who brushed their teeth once or more also increased significantly. In terms of teeth-brushing methods, Horizontal Scrub Method was adopted by most participants (58.58%) in the experimental group at the time of pre-test, and Bass Method (95.96%) in the same group at the time of post-test.6.Although the mean scores of the participants’ knowledge of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and betel nut chewing were high, the subjects’ behaviors still did not change accordingly. It is clear that the changes of the participants’ behaviors are not immediate. However, community resources should be utilized to increase community activities to divert the youth’s attention so as to decrease the occurrence of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing behaviors.
Key words: aboriginal junior high school children, oral health education intervention

並列關鍵字

aboriginal junior high school children ； oral health education intervention

參考文獻

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