台灣產黃杞根部化學及生物活性成分之研究

台灣產黃杞 (胡桃科) 為亞熱帶落葉性喬木，廣泛分佈於印度、越南、中國大陸及台灣。在中國傳統民間藥用方面，用其葉部泡茶以預防肥胖、下腹疼痛以及發燒，在日本亦將之當作健康飲品。樹皮及葉能毒魚。黃杞根部之甲醇抽出物具抗結核菌之活性，其氯仿可溶部顯示為主要活性層，因此針對氯仿可溶部進行化學及生物活性成分分離。迄今共分離到十六個化合物，包括一個 anthraquinone類：3-carbomethoxy-1,5-dihydroxy- anthraquinone (1)；兩個 naphthoquinone類：2-methoxyjuglone (2)，3-methoxyjuglone (3)；三個 tetralone類：(-)-regiolone (4)，(-)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone (5)，(-)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-1-tetralone (6)；一個 steroid類：β-sitosterol (7)；一個 sesquiterpene類：10α-hydroxyamorph- 4-en-3-one (8)；兩個 triterpenoid類：oleanolic acid (9)，betulinic acid acetate (10)；兩個 fatty acid類：linoleic acid (11)，oleic acid (12)；一個 benzenoid類：methylparaben (13)；兩個具 14員環之 diarylheptanoid類：engelhardtione (14)，5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 3-heptanone (15)；以及一個屬 cerebroside之：engelharoside (16)。這些化合物的結構均由光譜分析決定。在所分離到化合物之中，1、6、14及 16為天然界首次分離之新化合物；化合物 2~5、8、13及 15為首次自本屬植物分離到的成分；化合物 2、3及 5顯現具有抗結核菌活性。

關鍵字

黃杞；胡桃科；根部；抗結核菌

並列摘要

Engelhardtia roxburghiana Wall. (Juglandaceae) is a subtropical tree grown in India, Indochina, China and Taiwan. Leaves of this plant have been used as a sweet tea to prevent obesity and as a folk medicine to treat abdominal pain and fever from ancient times in China; it is also drunk as a health beverage in Japan. The bark and the leaves of this species are also used as fish poison. A methanolic extract of the root showed anti-tubercular activities in vitro. Investigation of CHCl3-soluble layer led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including one anthraquinone: 3-carbomethoxy-1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone (1); two naphthoquinones: 2-methoxyjuglone (2), 3-methoxyjuglone (3); three tetralones: (-)-regiolone (4), (-)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone (5), (-)-5-hydroxy-4- methoxy-1-tetralone (6); one steroid: β-sitosterol (7); one sesquiterpene:10α-hydroxyamorph-4-en-3-one (8); two triterpenoids: oleanolic acid (9), betulinic acid acetate (10); two fatty acids: linoleic acid (11), oleic acid (12) ; one benzenoid: methylparaben (13); two diarylheptanoids: engelhardtione (14), 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-heptanone(15)； one cerebroside：engelharoside (16). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis. Among these isolates, 1, 6, 14 and 16 are new compounds, and compounds 2~5, 8, 13 and 15 have been isolated for the first time from this species. Compounds 2, 3 and 5 showed the anti-tubercular activity in vitro.

並列關鍵字

Engelhardtia roxburghiana ； Juglandaceae ； Root ； anti-tubercular

參考文獻

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1. Yang, Y. P.; Lu, S. Y. Juglandaceae in Flora of Taiwan, 2nd. Ed., Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, R. O. C., Vol. Ⅱ, pp. 23-28 (1996).