跑者執行震動滾筒、非震動滾筒、靜態伸展對於延遲性肌肉痠痛的生理變化與運動表現的恢復

Vibration rolling, non- vibration rolling, and static stretching for delayed-onset muscle soreness on physiological changes and recovery of athletic performance in runners

吳嘉文(Chia-Wen Wu)

指導教授 ： 張乃仁

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/運動醫學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2019年)

摘要

背景：延遲性肌肉痠痛(delayed-onset muscle soreness , DOMS) 是許多跑者會經歷的急性發炎反應。儘管目前有許多減輕DOMS症狀的方法。然而，恢復策略目前仍尚未有定論。此外，目前尚未有研究探討使用震動滾筒來達到減輕DOMS的症狀及瞭解其生理變化和運動表現之恢復。
目的：探討使用震動滾筒作用於運動後，藉由自我操作之肌肉筋膜放鬆的方式，以達到減輕DOMS症狀、降低發炎反應以及提升運動表現之可行性。
方法：本研究採取交叉試驗方式比較，11名有規律的成年跑者(平均跑齡6年)參加研究。跑者先接受跑步機運動設置下坡高度為誘發 DOMS 。受試者須完成三組介入方式:靜態伸展組(SS)、非震動滾筒組(NVR)、震動滾筒組(VR)介入肌群包含：雙腳的臀肌、前後大腿肌群、前後小腿肌群。每個肌群執行4組，30秒/組(震動頻率為28Hz)。並需於運動前(T0)、運動後立即治療後的24小時(T24)和48小時(T48)，接受抽血生化分析(白血球、CK、 CRP、 IL-6、嗜中性球、淋巴球、單核球)、量測下肢柔軟度、肌肉僵硬度、下蹲垂直跳高、Y字平衡測試。
結果：本研究成功誘發出DOMS，可由三組在跑下坡後24小時的CK數值皆顯著高於T0 (所有 p <0.01)得知。有關柔軟度改變量，
震動滾筒相較於非震動滾筒有較大的效果產生，尤其在ΔT24 (d= 0.79)和ΔT24-48 (d=0.67)這時段。此外，在ΔT24時，震動滾筒組可顯著降低後大腿肌肉 (p=0.037)，同時改善優於靜態伸展(p=0.016)；震動滾筒也可顯著降低後小腿肌肉僵硬度(p=0.027)及CK值(p=0.042)。在Y字平衡測試中，震動滾筒組相對於非震動滾筒組在ΔT24與ΔT48都有顯著上升。然而，在跳高方面，靜態伸展在ΔT24時相對於非震動滾筒有顯著下降(p=0.046)。在血液分析方面，在ΔT24時，泡棉滾筒組相對於靜態伸展組在WBC (p=0.027)有明顯的降低。此外，震動滾筒組在ΔT24時相較於靜態伸展組有顯著較低CK值；在ΔT48時，其餘兩組仍顯著較高的CK值，但震動滾筒組相比於T0已無統計差異。然而，三組間在CRP、IL-6、嗜中性球、淋巴球、單核球於各時間點的皆無顯著變化。
結論：震動滾筒可顯著降低CK的發炎反應、降低肌肉後大腿與後小腿的肌肉僵硬程度，並增加下肢平衡之能力，但無法增加跳高能力；然而，靜態伸展無法顯著降低肌肉僵硬度與降低DOMS產生的CK發炎反應，也無法增加下肢平衡能力和跳高能力。

關鍵字

延遲性肌肉痠痛 ； 震動治療 ； 泡棉滾筒 ； 伸展運動 ； 恢復 ； 運動表現

並列摘要

Background: Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is an acute inflammatory response experienced by many runners. Although there are many ways to alleviate the symptoms of DOMS, the recovery strategy is still not yet conclusive. In addition, there is no study to investigate the use of vibrating rollers to alleviate the symptoms of DOMS and further to understand the recovery of physiological changes and athletic performances.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of relieving DOMS symptoms, reducing the inflammatory response, and improving athletic performance by using a vibrating roller to relax the muscle fascia.
METHODS: A crossover trial was used to study 11 experienced adult runners (average aged 6 years) to participate in the study. Firstly, the runner received the treadmill movement to set the downhill height to induce DOMS. Subjects must complete three interventions: static extension group (SS), non-vibration roller group (NVR), and vibration roller group (VR). The interventional muscle groups included bilateral gluteal muscles, anterior and posterior thigh muscles, anterior and posterior calf muscles. Four groups were performed per muscle group, 30 seconds/group (vibration frequency was 28 Hz). Blood biochemical analysis (WBC, CK, CRP, IL-6, neutrophil, lymphocytes, Monocyte) was performed before DOMS-induced exercise (T0) and at 24 hours (T24) and 48 hours (T48) immediately after exercise. The lower limb flexability, muscle stiffness, counter movement jump (CMJ), and Y-balance test (YBT) were measured.
RESULTS: DOMS was successfully induced in this study. The CK values of the three groups after 24 hours of downhill running were significantly higher than T0 (all p <0.01). Regarding the flexibility change, VR group had more effect size than the NVR group, particularly byΔT24 (d= 0.79)和ΔT24-48 (d=0.67). Furthermore, the VR group significantly reduced the posterior thigh muscle (p=0.037) by ΔT24, while improving better than extensions group (p=0.016); the vibration roller also significantly reduced the posterior calf muscle stiffness (p=0.027) and CK value (p = 0.042). In the YBT outcome, the VR group had a significant increase by ΔT24 and ΔT48 compared to the NVR group. However, in terms of CMJ, the SS was significantly reduced at ΔT24 compared to the NVR (p=0.046). In terms of blood analysis, by ΔT24, the NVR group showed a significant decrease in WBC (p=0.027) compared to the SS group. Moreover, the VR group had a significantly lower CK value at ΔT24 than the SS group; by ΔT48, the other two groups still had significantly higher CK values, but the VR group had no statistical difference compared to T0. However, there were no significant changes in CRP, IL-6, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and mononcytes at each time point among the three groups.
Conclusion: The VR could significantly reduce the inflammatory response of CK, reduce the muscle stiffness of the thigh and calf muscles, and increase balance of lower limb; however, it cannot increase the jump height. In contrast, SS could not significantly reduce muscle stiffness and reduce the CK inflammatory response caused by DOMS, and could not increase the lower limb balance as well as jump height.

並列關鍵字

Delayed-onset muscle soreness ； vibration therapy ； foam roller ； stretching exercise ； recovery ； performance

參考文獻

參考文獻

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