TRX訓練對於上肢神經肌肉系統的影響

Effects of TRX® Training in Upper Extremity Neuromuscular System

黃冠傑(Guan-Jie Huang)

指導教授 ： 林槐庭

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/運動醫學系碩士班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

運動員具有好的肌力能夠提升運動表現，老年人擁有好的肌力能夠有效降低跌倒風險並提升生活品質，因此進行適當的肌力訓練對於大多數的人來說是重要的。而肌力增加主要是來自於肌肥大與神經適應上的效果，肌力訓練可依訓練器材的不同分為穩定訓練及不穩定訓練，近期不穩定訓練中以懸吊訓練最為方便且流行。先前研究發現兩組分別進行類似動作所構成的穩定訓練及懸吊訓練，在肌力上升的效果是類似的，但在懸吊訓練組中，其肌肥大的效果並不顯著，因此推測懸吊訓練對於肌力增加的效果可能主要是來自於神經適應的改變，因此本篇研究的目的是探討懸吊訓練對於上肢神經肌肉上的效果`。將32位受試者分為類似動作所組成的傳統訓練組與懸吊訓練組，實驗共有八個禮拜，而一個禮拜進行兩次的訓練，實驗會比較訓練前、訓練四星期及訓練後八周後在兩組間二頭肌與三頭肌最大肌力、本體感覺中的主動與被動位置覺及力量本體覺、正中神經傳導速率與肌肉收縮中其運動單元放電頻率以及上肢敏捷與穩定測試的差異。結果發現經過八個禮拜的TRX訓練能夠有效的使肌力上升，而且進步幅度與傳統阻力訓練相比是相當的，然而TRX組的低閾值運動單元經過前四個禮拜訓練後徵召頻率顯著地提高，推測在前四個禮拜TRX訓練對於神經適應的刺激是顯著大於傳統阻力訓練；此外，TRX訓練能夠有效的使主動位置覺、力量本體覺、上肢敏捷能力都達到顯著性的進步，這幾項能力的進步幅度與傳統阻力訓練相比也達到顯著地較為優異，然而在被動位置覺上兩組間並沒有達到顯著差異，最後，不管是TRX訓練還是傳統阻力訓練對於正中神經傳導速度都沒有產生變化。根據結果發現TRX訓練除了能夠有效的使肌力上升外更能刺激神經產生適應，而且訓練效果與傳統阻力訓練相比是類似甚至來的更好，因此TRX可以做為肌肉神經復健或訓練的有效工具。

關鍵字

TRX懸吊訓練 ； 神經適應 ； 本體感覺 ； 運動單元放電頻率

並列摘要

Background: Athletes with good muscle strength can improve sport performance, and the elderly with good muscle strength can effectively reduce the risk of falls and improve the quality of life. Therefore, it’s important for most people to have proper strength training. The increase in muscle strength mainly comes from the effects of muscle hypertrophy and neural adaption. Strength training can be divided into stable training and unstable training depending on the training environment. Suspension training, TRX, is the most famous unstable training recently. Previous study investigated the difference between TRX and traditional resistance training groups(RT). They found that these two training methods have similar effect in muscle strength improvement after 6 weeks training. However, the subjects had TRX training did not find significant muscle hypertrophy. Therefore, we hypothesized the effect of TRX training on muscle strength is mainly from neural adaptation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of TRX training in neuromuscular system of upper extremity.

　　Method: Thirty-two collegiate students were divided into TRX group and RT group composed of similar training. There were eight weeks training, and twice a week. The experiment would compare the differences among the pre-training, mid-training (4 weeks) and post-training (8weeks)and between two groups. The tested parameters were including the biceps and triceps muscle strength, active and passive position proprioception, strength proprioception, median nerve conduction velocity, mean firing rate and recruitment threshold of muscle motor unit and upper body agility.

　　Results: The results showed that muscle strength was significantly increased after eight weeks in both TRX training and RT training, and had similar level of improvement.. However, neurological adaptation of TRX group in the first four weeks was significantly greater than RT group. In addition, TRX training can significantly improve active position proprioception, strength proprioception and upper body agility, and there was significant difference between two groups. Then, passive position proprioception did not achieve significant differences between two groups. Finally, both TRX training and RT training have no effect on the median nerve conduction velocity.

　　Conclusion: According to the results, it appears that TRX training not only effectively increase muscle strength but having more neurological stimulattionesning that achieved similar effector even better than traditional resistance training. Therefore, TRX can be used as an effective neuromuscular rehabilitation or training tools.

並列關鍵字

TRX suspension training ； neural adaptation ； proprioceptive ； motor unit mean firing rate and threshold.

參考文獻

第七章　文獻回顧

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