依附取向對心理適應的影響：情緒調節作為中介變項之探討

本研究探討依附取向透過情緒調節策略為中介，對心理適應的影響，過去曾探討相關議題，但測得的情緒調節策略較少，故本研究採「情緒調節策略量表」來測得七項情緒調節策略構面進行分析。此外，本研究將中文版人際關係問卷重新修訂為「依附取向量表」作為研究工具，由向度概念分析依附取向。本研究目的為探究情緒調節策略中介依附取向對心理適應的影響。研究採立意取樣收集323位一般民眾為樣本，首先以女性作為修正量表及驗證性因素分析，男性作為信效度檢驗及跨性別效度分析。經結構方程模式分析，結果顯示依附取向量表能由二因子建構：「安全」、「不安全」依附，具良好建構效度及內部一致性信度。由拔靴抽樣法分析中介效果，顯示安全依附取向對心理適應有正面的影響，且因偏好「發展新觀點」、「增加正向情緒」而有效降低負面的心理適應如憂鬱、焦慮；不安全依附取向有較負面的心理適應，也因少用「發展新觀點」且偏好「宣洩」、「控制」及「失能調節」策略而升高負向心理適應。「分心」策略無中介效果，但能增加正、負向情緒。不安全依附取向個體因較少尋求「社會支持」而降低正、負向情緒，故「社會支持」對不安全依附者而言不一定為有效的調節策略。整體而言，本研究之「依附取向量表」具良好信效度，日後可持續驗證與分析。依附取向確實會因偏好的情緒調節策略而對心理適應有不同影響，可提供研究與臨床工作者於個案概念化、介入方案設計之參考。

關鍵字

依附取向；情緒調節策略；心理適應

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation between the influencing on psychological adaptation of the attachment orientation. Present studies usually measured limited about the emotion regulation strategies. In order to examine completely of the concept of emotion regulation as the mediator, this study used the” Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale” as the tool testing seven factors: Social support, Develop new opinion, Increase positive emotion, Venting, Control, Distracted and Dysfunctional regulation. Besides, this study also aimed to revise the relationship questionnaire of its Chinese translated version and named “Attachment Scale”, measuring attachment style. In a community sample of 323 adults, 255 female was used to verify its factor structure via confirmatory factor analysis. 64 male was used to cross-validate and to confirm stability construct of the attachment scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and bootstrap resampling method was used to analyze the data. The result indicating that there are two latent factors in this scale, named as “Secure attachment” and “Insecure attachment”, had moderate to high internal consistency reliability, construct validity and invariant across gender. Secure attachment was associated with higher “develop new opinion” and “increase positive emotion”, mediating the positive psychology adaptation. Insecure attachment had indirect negative psychological adaptation through lower “develop new opinion” and higher “venting, control, dysfunctional” regulation strategies. Insecure attachment with lower “Social support”, mediating both lower positive and negative emotion. “Distracted” failed to function as a mediator between attachment and psychological adaptation. However, the result suggest that attachment orientation can influence psychological adaptation by the emotion regulation. Particularly “develop new opinion” and “increase positive emotion” have positive effect to psychological adaptation. On the contrary, ”venting, control, dysfunctional” regulation strategies are negative effect to the adaptation. The findings explained why attachment orientation predict positive or negative psychological adaptation, and the function of emotion regulations, providing reference for future research and clinical application.