本研究目的為探討機構榮民健康狀況、憂鬱情形與認知功能之相關性。採描述性相關研究設計,在高雄二所榮民安養機構中,以集束抽樣方式選取65歲以上、意識清楚、無精神疾病或器質性腦病變、無嚴重聽力障礙者共223人。由研究者以結構式問卷進行訪談調查,研究工具包括:個人基本屬性、健康狀況、台灣老年憂鬱量表與簡短式智能量表。將所得資料以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析及逐步複迴歸進行統計分析。研究結果發現:(1)識字、婚姻狀況、三餐定時定量、會避免吃過油及高脂肪的食物以促進健康、每次運動至少超過30分鐘、從事靜態休閒活動等在認知功能上有顯著差異。(2)年齡、憂鬱情形與認知功能呈負相關。(3)教育程度、子女數、自覺健康狀況與認知功能為正相關。(4)台灣老年憂鬱量表總分、識字、教育程度及年齡為認知功能的預測因子,可解釋總變異量為29%。本研究結果可提供家庭照顧者、社區護理人員及臨床工作者,在居家照顧、臨床實務以及未來世代研究之參考。
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among health state, depression, and cognitive function of institution veterans. With a cross-sectional and correlation design, 223 veterans were recruited by cluster sampling, who are above 65 years old, conscious-clear, with no psychiatric disorders, no organic brain lesion and no serious hearing loss from two veteran institutions in Kaohsiung. The researcher interviews them and investigate those situations by structural questionnaires, include demographic variables, health condition, Taiwan Geriatric Depression Scale and Mini-Mental Status Examination. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study were: (1) People who are able to read, married, with good dietary habits, avoid over-oil and high-fat food to keep healthy, take exercise at least 30 minutes for each time, and have leisure activities have significant differences in cognitive function. (2) There were significant negative correlation between age, depression and cognitive function. (3) There were significant positive correlation between Education level, the number of children, Perceived Health Status and cognitive function. (4) The score on Taiwan Geriatric Depression Scale, literacy, education level and age are predictable factors of cognitive function, with the total variance of 29%. This study provides a consultation to care-givers, community health nurses, and clinical workers for home care, clinical practice and cohort study in the future.