專業支持介入方案對改善第一孕期婦女噁心嘔吐症狀與孕期生活品質的成效

本研究目的為探討專業支持介入方案(個別性衛教支持與電話支持)對改善婦女第一孕期噁心嘔吐症狀與孕期生活品質的成效；屬有對照組前後測之類實驗性研究設計，採非隨機之方便取樣，以某區域教學醫院之產科門診為收案場所，共收集第一孕期噁心嘔吐婦女79人，其中實驗組40人與對照組39人，實驗組接受專業支持方案與護理常規，對照組只接受護理常規。研究資料以SPSS 14.0之套裝軟體進行描述性統計、卡方檢定、配對樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、共變數分析等統計分析，結果顯示接受專業支持介入方案之實驗組於第二週與第四週的噁心嘔吐症狀嚴重度、自覺症狀困擾程度較對照組為低，於第四週的孕期生活品質較對照組為改善，且兩組在噁心嘔吐症狀嚴重度、自覺症狀困擾程度、孕期生活品質之前後測平均值的組內比較與前後測差異平均值的組間比較均達統計上顯著差異(p＜.05)，故本研究結果顯示專業支持介入方案可改善第一孕期噁心嘔吐症狀、自覺症狀的嚴重度與孕期生活品質，此結果提供專業支持介入方案減輕噁心嘔吐症狀的實證資料，未來可進一步廣泛運用於產前之護理衛教常規。

關鍵字

專業支持；孕期噁心嘔吐；生活品質；第一孕期

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of professional support intervention program (individual education support and telephone support) to improve the nausea, vomiting and quality of life in the first trimester of pregnancy. A quasi-experimental study of pretest and posttest design with a comparison group was utilized. Seventy-nine pregnancy women with nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy were non-randomly divided into an experimental group (forty women) and a control group (thirty-nine women) at one regional teaching hospital. The experimental group received professional support intervention program and routine care; the control group only received routine care. The data were analysed by SPSS 14.0 software with the methods of the descriptive statistics, chi-square test, paired t test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that the severity of nausea and vomiting and the level of conscious symptom distress in the experiment group are lower than those in the control group on the second and fourth week. Quality of live is obviously improving after receiving the intervention on the fourth week. Furthermore, comparising the pretest data with posttest data, the difference between groups on severity of nausea and vomiting, the level of conscious symptom distress and quality of live were significant(p＜.05). The conclusion is the severity of nausea and vomiting, the level of conscious symptom distress and quality of live got improved by means of professional support intervention program. The professional support intervention program was supported to reduce the symptoms in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. In the future, this program is able to be applied widely’ to nursing routine of the prenatal education in the outpatient department.