大高雄地區青少年學生吸菸盛行率與其影響因子之探討

Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Related Factors Among Adolescent Students in Kaohsiung area

姚博文(Po-Wen Yao)

指導教授 ： 洪玉珠

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

吸菸已被公認為影響人類健康最主要的危險因子之一，發育未完全之青少年吸菸，可能造成肺部永久性成長不良。因此，站在預防醫學的立場，本研究即以國小、國中及高中的青少年學生為對象，調查其吸菸盛行率並探討相關之影響因子。
本研究一共選取高雄縣市21所學校(4所國小、9所國中、8所高中)，針對高中生6398人、國中生7012人、國小學童1397人，共計14807人，共計14807人，進行結構式問卷調查。其內容包括個人基本資料、個人吸菸習慣、日常生活、學習成績、菸害認知、反菸態度、拒菸行為等。其後進行一般性描述、比較性分析、相關性分析以及線性與邏輯式迴歸分析等統計方法。
調查結果發現，不論曾經或經常性吸菸率皆以高雄縣較高。而縣市吸菸之盛行率，皆呈現隨年齡增長而增加的趨勢。但高雄縣市三個年級層吸菸之共同影響因子皆為「好朋友吸菸」。其他的共同危險因子，高二尚有「男生」、「會抽朋友的菸」、「行為較差」、「不看電視」、「同住家人吸菸」；國二有「男生」、「學校成績」、「會抽朋友的菸」及「父母親吸菸」。而菸害認知於縣市的共同影響因子則為「反菸態度」及「拒菸行為」。除外，高中生尚易受「父母吸菸與管教態度」的影響，國中生易受「成績與朋友」的影響。反菸態度縣市的共同影響因子為「菸害認知」、「拒菸行為」及「同儕是否吸菸」。除外，高中與國中尚受「不看書」、「父母管教態度不力」，國小受「成績低下」的影響。至於拒菸行為之縣市共同影響因子，則為「菸害認知」、「反菸態度」。尤其高中生與國中生之反菸行為，也受到「父母與同儕吸菸」、「曾經吸菸」的不小影響。

關鍵字

危險因子 ； 盛行率 ； 青少年吸菸

並列摘要

Smoking is recognized as one of the primal risk factors that affect human health. In adolescents, smoking may lead to hypoplastic development of the lungs. Therefore, this study aims to investigate smoking prevalence and discuss the related factors for adolescent students.
A total of 14,807 students were chosen as samples from 21 schools in Kaohsiung area (4 elementary schools, 9 junior high schools, and 8 high schools). Structural formula questionnaires were used, including basic information, smoking habit, daily life, record of study, cognition, attitude, and behavior of smoking. We analyze the data with percentage, mean value, and standard deviation for general description, T-test, Chi-square test for comparative analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear and logistic regression analysis for the related factors.
The results showed that whether had ever smoked or often smoked prevalence, county was higher than city. The smoking prevalence of them increased with age. In Kaohsiung area, the common risk factor for smoking in all grade students was “friend is a smoker”. The other risk factors for 11th grade students were, “male”, “to smoke when some friends give me a cigarette”, “worse behavior”, “no watching TV”, “living with smoker”; 8th grade pupils had “male”, “school records”, “to smoke when some friends give me a cigarette”, “parents are smokers”. In Kaohsiung area, common influence factors for smoking perception in all grade students were “against tobacco attitude ” and “refusing smoking behavior”. The other influence factors for 10th-12th grade students were, “parents are smokers” and “upbringing attitude from parents”; 7th-9th grade pupils had “school records” and “friend is a smoker”. Common influence factors for against tobacco attitude in all grade students were “smoking perception”, “refusing smoking behavior”, and “friend is a smoker”. Besides,7th-12th grade students still had “no reading books” and “upbringing attitude from parents”. 3th-5th grade pupils had “school records”. Common influence factors for refusing smoking behavior in all grade students were “smoking perception” and “against tobacco attitude”. The other influence factors for 7th-12th grade students were, “parents and friends are smokers” and “had ever smoked”.

並列關鍵字

smoking adolescent ； prevalence ； risk factor

參考文獻

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