台灣中部某高工業地區砷暴露與代謝症候群之相關性探討

Hair arsenic and its relations to metabolic syndrome in residents of an industrial area in central Taiwan

馮柏菁(Bo-Jing Feng)

指導教授 ： 吳聰能

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/職業安全衛生研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

砷已被認定為一種人類致癌物質，一些研究也發現砷可能導致腦血管疾病、高血壓、糖尿病等，代謝症候群是指同時有血壓、血糖、血脂等異常症狀的人，而有代謝症候群的人日後得到高血壓、糖尿病的機會較高，因此砷是否有可能導致代謝症候群的發生，適值得我們進一步去探討的。
本研究的目的是想要瞭解彰化地區居民髮中砷的濃度，及砷暴露相關因子與髮中砷濃度的關係。運用地理資訊系統來呈現環境因子、髮中砷濃度與代謝症候群患者間的關係。另探討髮中砷濃度與代謝症候群之間的相關性。
本研究屬以社區居民為基礎的橫斷性研究，研究對象挑選依年齡、性別及村里進行分層隨機抽樣，每一個案進行一般健康檢查、問卷訪問，採集血液、尿液與頭髮的樣本。研究區域的選擇方面，高工業地區依農地污染程度選出五個鄉鎮市。低工業地區則是選擇境內沒有工業區，都市化程度與高工業地區相似的兩個鄉鎮。由於髮中砷大多屬於無機砷，不易受到飲食的干擾，因此本研究選擇頭髮作為生物檢體，而髮砷濃度是由國衛院環職組以感應耦合電漿質譜儀進行分析。
本研究結果在高工業地區研究對象髮砷濃度為0.101 μg/g，低工業地區研究對象髮砷濃度為0.062 μg/g（p = 0.003）。在高工業地區中，男性的髮砷濃度高於女性，是否有使用地下水與在電鍍、鋼鐵廠工作也是決定髮砷濃度的重要因素。而運用地理資訊系統進行分析後，研究個案砷暴露的來源應與土壤濃度、工廠無地理上的相關。在考慮相關因素後，髮砷濃度較高的個案有1.8倍的機會發生代謝症候群，由此推斷，砷可能是代謝症候群的危險因子之一。

關鍵字

地理資訊系統 ； 代謝症候群 ； 砷 ； 髮砷

並列摘要

Arsenic has been regarded as human carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). It is also established that arsenic may cause cardiovascular related diseases including of cerebralvascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Metabolic syndrome was characterized as high levels of blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids and was regarded as precursor of hypertension and diabetes. The present study was claimed at investigating the association between arsenic expose and metabolic syndrome.
This is a community-based study of residents in industrial and non-industrial area in Chang-hua county of central Taiwan. Age and gender-stratified random sample of residents was recruited for questionnaire directed home interviews. The participants also received health examinations. Their blood, urine and hair specimens were collected. Hair arsenic concentration, representing as accumulative inorganic arsenic level, was measured by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry. This research has three objectives: 1.To determine hair arsenic concentrations and the related exposure factors in the residents. 2.To correlate hair arsenic levels with environment exposure factors, and metabolic syndrome using Geographic information system (GIS). 3.To evaluate the association between hair arsenic concentration and metabolic syndrome, with covariates taken into account.
Mean hair arsenic concentration in industrial area (0.101 μg/g) was significantly higher than non-industrial area (0.062 μg/g, p=0.003). In industrial area, males had significantly higher hair arsenic levels than females. Increased arsenic levels were significantly associated with underground water use and working in the metal factory. There was not significant correlation of hair arsenic levels with soil arsenic concentrations or factory distribution or metabolic syndrome after using GIS. Subjects with highest tertile have significantly higher prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome than those with lower tertile (OR=1.8, p=0.044). Male gender, underground water use, and working in metal related factory were most prediction for increased arsenic levels. Arsenic is probably a risk factor in metabolic syndrome.

並列關鍵字

Geographic information system (GIS) ； arsenic ； hair arsenic ； metabolic syndrome

參考文獻

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