台灣產金銀花化學成分及指紋圖譜分析之研究

忍冬(忍冬科)，是一種藤蔓植物，主要產於台灣、日本以及中國。此植物富含有機酸(organic acids)、iridoids、黃酮類(flavonoids)以及皂素(saponins)。此植物之花苞被當作中藥使用，用於清熱解毒，為常用中藥之一。儘管中國產的忍冬已經有相當多的研究，但目前對於台灣產的忍冬，其成分研究及生物活性研究仍不多，固本研究將針對台灣產的忍冬做進一步的研究。在本研究中，台灣產的忍冬由屏東的東港採集，使用色層分析方法得到了15個化合物：stigmasterol-b-D-glucoside (1)及b-sitosterol-b-D-glucoside (2)之混合物、luteolin (3)、flavoyadorinin-B (4)、secologanin dimethyl acetal (5) 、ethylsecologanin dimethyl acetal (6)*、7-ketologanin (7)、kaemferol-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (8)、quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (9)、apigenin (10)、loganin (11)、hydnocarpin (12)、loniceracetalides A (13)、secologanol (14)、secoxyloganin (15) 與 chlorogenic acid (16)。其中，6為新化合物。. 從台灣產忍冬分離出主要成分secologanin dimethyl acetal (5)作為此植物分析之化學指標，進一步利用HPLC-PDA進行其濃度之檢測，並建立了本研究植物之指紋圖譜。且用此指紋圖譜之條件，比對台灣產及中國產忍冬萃取物之化學成分組成，發現兩者之指紋圖譜大部分相似，惟圖譜之chlorogenic acid含量在台灣產較高，而中國產則較低。將台灣產忍冬萃取物久置與中國產忍冬萃取物進行指紋圖譜比對，發現其指紋圖譜幾乎相似，推論中國產為乾品，與久置之後之台灣產萃取物皆有成分分解之現象，因此得到較相似之指紋圖譜。此研究可發現市面上所用為中國產忍冬之乾品，但是此植物在新鮮品chlorogenic acid含量較多，因此忍冬之應用可進一步的探討。

關鍵字

忍冬；成分分離；成分分析

並列摘要

Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae), is a twining vine native to Taiwan, Japan and China. This plant is sources of organic acids, iridoids, flavonoids and saponins. In China, the flower buds are used in traditional medicine for the treatment inflammatory disorders. Despite the wide therapeutic use and the intensive research on L. japonica from China, the phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the native Taiwanese species are rare. In our study, L. japonica was collected in Pingtung, Taiwan. We used chromatographic isolation and yielded fifteen compounds: a mixture of stigmasterol-??-D-glucoside (1) and?n??-sitosterol-??-D-glucoside (2), luteolin (3), flavoyadorinin-B (4), secologanin dimethyl acetal (5), ethylsecologanin dimethyl acetal (6)*, 7-ketologanin (7), kaemferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (8), quercetin-3-O-???n-D-glucopyranoside (9), apigenin (10), loganin (11), hydnocarpin (12), loniceracetalides A (13), secologanol (14), secoxyloganin (15) and chlorogenic acid (16). 6 is a new compound. Two major compounds, secologanin dimethylacetal (5) was separated as chemical makers. To detect the concentration of this marker in this plant, a rapid HPLC-PDA method was established. The phytochemical differences between the crude extracts of Taiwanese species and Chinese species were determined. According the chemical profile, we found that the content of chlorogenic acid in Taiwanese species was more than Chinese species. Then we stored the crude extract of Taiwanese species in long time and compared the chemical profile with Chinese species. Finally, we found that two profiles are similar. We supposed that material of Chinese species is dry, so the chemical components are decomposed like the long-term storage Taiwanese species crude extract. In market, we used the dry flower buds of this plant, but the fresh plant had large amounts of chlorogenic acid, so used dry or fresh plant had to be more concerned.