墾丁珊瑚礁潮間帶軟體動物群聚與微棲地之關係

The relationship of mollusk assemblages and microhabitats among different intertidal zones of coral reefs in Kenting

林孟賢(Meng-Shian Lin)

指導教授 ： 邱郁文

高雄醫學大學/生命科學院/生物醫學暨環境生物學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2011.00138

摘要

墾丁珊瑚礁生態系具有相當高的生物多樣性。由於觀光旅遊發展及天災影響，墾丁海岸面臨許多干擾。珊瑚礁軟體動物對環境變動敏感，分布與棲地選擇會受不同因素影響，可做為良好的指標物種。回顧過去墾丁軟體動物研究之文獻，發現多數研究皆以樣框定量調查或普查之調查方式，較少以穿越線調查軟體動物的分布與微棲地關係。本研究於墾丁有2005年至2011年(2007年除外)6年之墾丁潮間帶軟體動物樣框調查資料，根據群聚分析顯示墾丁軟體動物群聚組成有3種不同類型，推測為不同樣點之微棲地類型所導致，因此本研究進一步探討軟體動物之分布與微棲地之關係。本研究自2011年3月至2012年7月利用穿越線調查法研究雷打石、後灣與後壁湖潮間帶軟體動物之分布與微棲地利用，並比較穿越線調查與過去本研究之樣框調查結果差異，此外也分析後灣與後壁湖樣點受干擾過後軟體動物與微棲地之改變。2種調查方法結果比較顯示，雖然部分數據有差異，但整體變化趨勢相似，皆可用於海岸監測，但穿越線要查可提供進一步之環境資料。微棲地分析結果顯示，各樣點的微棲地組成不同，且不同物種之軟體動物對微棲地之喜好也不同，將各樣點之優勢物種與各樣點的棲地類型比較，可知軟體動物在潮間帶會受微棲地組成影響。軟體動物分布研究結果顯示，各樣點的軟體動物分布集中在微棲地較多樣之區域，顯示軟體動物之分布會受微棲地組成響。比較後灣與後壁湖受擾後軟體動物與微棲地變化，後灣整體微棲地改變，軟體動物物種數量與豐度也有明顯改變；後壁湖之物種數量與豐度並無明顯改變，但軟體動物在潮間帶的分布有改變，證明干擾對軟體動物之影響。本研究提供墾丁潮間帶軟體動物之分布與微棲地之關係，此資料也可應用於其他海岸之環境監測。

關鍵字

軟體動物 ； 微棲地 ； 分布

並列摘要

There are high biodiversity in Kenting coasts. However, there was much interference in intertidal zones of Kenting. Mollusks are sensitive to environmental change, and their distributions were dependent on the habitat types, so mollusks can be used as good indicators. But there is little research in Kenting. The aims of my study are providing the microhabitats of mollusks in Kenting and also compared the quantitative method and transect line method to investigate the mollusk. Beside I investigated the Houwan and Houbihu after interferences in May, 2012. My study sites were conducted at Leidashih, Houwan, Houbihu, from 2005 to 2012. The comparisons of two methods showed that transect line method are better than quantitative method. The result of microhabitats and distributions of mollusks showed the preferred microhabitats of mollusks, and the distributions of mollusk assemblages are associated with microhabitats of each site. After interference, the structures of microhabitat are change in Houwan, and species number and abundance are change, too. The species number and abundance showed no difference between before and after interference in Houbihu, but the structures of microhabitats and distribution of mollusks are changes. As we know that distributions of mollusks are associated with the types and structures of microhabitats, we can use this data to monitor the environment in Kenting. Once the environment changed and some species are decreased, we can easily estimate the area that are change or under disturbances by the data.

並列關鍵字

mollusks ； microhabitats ； distribution

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