「尺寸」－探討人體雕塑與素描之關係

Dimensions: The Relationship Between Figurative Sculptures and Sketches

鄒松鶴(Tsou, Sung-Ho)

指導教授 ： 黎志文

國立臺北藝術大學/美術學院學術論文/美術學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6835/TNUA.2011.00024

摘要

尺寸是測量物件大小的具體數字，是單位大小的空間概念，也是以我們身體大小去對應外界空間的比較，產生空間想像，具有哲學的意義。繪畫或雕塑中，尺寸是畫幅，可大可小，隨著作品內容，產生令人意想不到的震撼或驚喜，是作品和環境對應的微妙空間關係。尺寸也是本文欲論述作品的空間關係，從平面空間到立體形式。

人體是很好的創作題材，包含人體姿態和內在情感。柏拉圖、亞里斯多德以為人生來就具有模仿之本能，一切藝術創作揭示模仿本能。希臘神話和《聖經》中，人開始探索神的人性和人的神性，自文藝復興的人文意識覺醒，透過解剖學、透視學、投影、比例等科學的方式建構人體的美學，了解身體的奧祕，不同構造和質感。西方藝術自古代以降，審美論述經由美術史、人類學和哲學的學術研究，自肯尼斯•克拉克（Kenneth Clark）《裸體藝術欣賞》開啟研究，之後陸續許多探討女性身體的論述、豐富了人體美和裸體藝術的研究。我們透過對自身的研究了解宇宙的奧祕。

人體動態素描和靜態素描的差異在於，人體移動時的擺動旋轉造成三維空間的改變，整體結構和肌肉的運動變化，便會產生一種律動軌跡，透過素描訓練，大腦立即快速篩選造形，捕捉到的立體意象呈現到紙面上時，可以是簡略意象，也可以是數個影像的重疊。靜態素描通常是為了更詳盡地觀察造形的質感、結構、立體和色彩產生的單幅畫面。

關鍵字

尺寸 ； 裸體 ； 人體雕塑 ； 人體動態素描

並列摘要

Dimensions are definite numbers that describe an object’s length, width, and height. They are a unit of measurement that describe space, as well as one that people use to compare themselves relative to the outside world. They inspire much imagination about space and are infused with philosophical meaning. For paintings and sculptures, spatial dimensions are a universal frame of any size. Depending on the content of a work, this can produce feelings of shock or surprise amongst viewers. This is the subtle, yet profound relation between a piece of artwork and its surrounding space. In this paper, dimensions are used to discuss the spatial relationship between two-dimensional and three-dimensional artworks.

The human figure is a good subject for creating artwork because it encompasses both physical postures and inner feelings. Plato and Aristotle believed that mankind had an innate ability for imitation, and that art creation itself was indeed an act of imitation. Within Greek mythology and the Christian Bible, people explored the human nature of God (the gods) and the divinity of humankind. And, since the birth of the humanities during the Renaissance, people have been recreating the aesthetics of the human figure through the study of anatomy, perspective, projection, and proportion. By exploring the mysteries of the body, people have gained a better understanding of the body’s structure and texture. Since the dawn of Western art, aesthetic studies had been based on art history, anthropology, and philosophy with a traditionally patriarchal perspective. Ever since Kenneth Clark wrote The Nude: A Study in Ideal Form, many research papers began to appear about the aesthetics of the female body, enriching research on the aesthetics of the human body and nude art. Through the study of ourselves, we gain a better understanding of the mysteries of the universe.

The difference between dynamic and static sketches of the human figure lie in the changes in three-dimensional space caused by swings and rotations, and the overall structure and muscles during a state of movement. These produce traces that track a sense of rhythm. Through instruction in sketching, people can train their brains to rapidly filter forms, and capture and render three-dimensional images onto paper. These images can be simple or they can be a number of overlapping ones. Static sketches are usually used to more closely observe a single image produced by a form’s texture, structure, three-dimensional characteristics, and color.

並列關鍵字

dimensions ； nude ； human sculpture ； dynamic sketches of the human figure

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