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  • 學位論文

市民參加的再生產實踐:以大阪市立自然史博物館為例

The Reproductional Practice of Citizen Engagement: A Case of Osaka Natural History Museum

指導教授 : 王嵩山

摘要


博物館的原型起源自歐洲,隨著歐洲國家的侵略與擴張,博物館化身為文明的象徵,傳播至歐洲以外的地區。然而博物館處於社會文化脈絡下,其蒐藏的物、與博物館相關的人以及隨著博物館延伸發展出的博物館技術,均反映不同文化對於物件、社會關係以及世界觀等面向的思考方式。 日本地方博物館自1960年代開始出現以市民為主體的市民參加實踐,其中大阪市立自然史博物館的市民參加實踐持續近半世紀,並提出明確的教育主張。因此本研究以大阪市立自然史博物館為研究對象,並以Pierre Bourdieu的生存心態(habitus)為理論框架,耙梳日本博物館和大阪市立自然史博物館脈絡,訪談該館學藝員並實際參與大阪自然史博物館及博物館之友會舉辦之教育活動,理解大阪市立自然史博物館的市民參加實踐如何建構及延續,探索非西方脈絡下博物館教育的理念和實踐。 本研究發現大阪市立自然史博物館學藝員的自然史專業、強調身體實作的教育活動性質以及之友會的集體行動圖式,使學藝員與之友會會員共同形成市民參加的再生產實踐。而大阪市立自然史博物館的教育實踐亦反映日本對自然的獨有理解,以及根植於地域的社會教育觀點。

並列摘要


The prototype of museums derived from Europe. Along with the aggression and the expansion of Europe countries, museums become the symbol of civilization and spreads to the world. However, museums in different social and cultural contexts reveal different point of view with artifacts, social relationship and cosmology in the museum practices. Since 1960s, regional museums in Japan provide citizen engagement practice that citizens actively engage with. This study takes the Osaka Natural History Museum as an example due to the citizen engagement practice in Osaka Natural History Museum has lasted over 50 years and has a clear idea of museum education. This study adopts Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, reviews history of museum in Japan and Osaka Natural History Museum, interviewed with curators in Osaka Natural History Museum and participated in educational activities organize by Osaka Natural History Museum and Museum Association to understand and analyze the formation and continuity of the citizen engagement practice of Osaka Natural History Museum. Furthermore, this study tries to explore museum educational concept and practice in non-western context. The result of this study shows that the Natural history profession of curator, the characteristic of Osaka Natural History Museum’s educational activities that emphasized embodied practice and the collective scheme of Osaka Natural History Museum Association make curator and members of Association construct the reproductional practice of citizen engagement. And the educational practice of Osaka Natural History Museum also reflects the notion of nature of Japan and the social education that roots in community.

參考文獻


陳瑋芬,2010。日本「自然」概念考辨,中國文哲研究集刊,36:103-135。
張美珍,2002。從建構主義取向探究博物館教育活動的規劃設計。科技博物6(6): 19-30。
張菁芳,2012。科學博物館的公眾對話,博物館學季刊,26(2):7-29
蔡海廣,2013。通用學習成效應用於教育活動規劃的成效:以國立自然科學博物館「歡迎光臨絲樂園」活動為例。科技博物17(3): 87-116。
AAM, 1984. Museums for a new century. Washington, D.C: American Association of Museums.

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