美術館之構成元素研究：以台南市創立亞太美術館為例

An Art Museum's Elements - A Case Study of Tainan's Asia Pacifie Fine Arts Museum

李立恆(Li-huan Lee)

指導教授 ： 凌公山

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院/藝術行政與管理研究所碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

博物館是文明社會的表徵，亦是一個國家文化水準的指標，其中藝術類博物
館，也就是本文中所稱的美術館，以其經營管理體制服務於社會大眾，而此一平
台的根基，便是所謂的美術館構成元素。今日我們探討規劃構建一美術館，不僅
應考慮在客觀條件推斷的因素，如文化、社會、體制等藝文生態的環境脈絡，更
應該深入分析美術館本身在主觀條件預期的基礎一亦即「構成元素」之條件完善
否。美術館的設置背景與定位的清晰、內容與特色的明確、組織型態與經營模式
的健全、功能與效益的得當、設備與環境的完整、社會發展與未來發展之格局，
皆攸關美術館之成型條件與運作功能之完全發揮。因此構成美術館之營運基礎、
主體條件、策略發展、公眾面向及組織配置，五大構成元素即是美術館的靈魂，
亦是其運作的根基，唯有完整的構成元素結構，方能成就一美術館有效的運作，
達成整體經營目標。簡言之，經由美術館的構成元素探究，對未來新建立之美術
館的考量與規劃調查分析，提出因應之道，成為美術館健全發展的契機與架構。
本研究以「構成美術館的基本元素」作為研究對象，探討目前國內與亞洲地
區之美術館現況與未來我國規劃新館必需面對之課題與方針。首先，經由相關文
獻的蒐集與彙整，釐清藝術類美術館之基本構成元素與美術館發展演變脈絡之關
係；其次，透過具體資料的分析，瞭解國內與亞洲之藝術類美術館功能與結構演
進之現況，並歸納出美術館在構成元素之本體實際運作中最大交集的特色。最
後，針對府城創立亞太美術館之資源條件之現況與問題，並總結本文關於美術館
之構成元素之論述，從營運基礎、主體條件、策略發展、公眾面向及組織配置等
面向中，提出策略建議，做為未來美術館籌建創辦方向的參考。

關鍵字

美術館 ； 亞太地區 ； 藝術行政管理 ； 構成元素 ； 文化政策

並列摘要

Museums are symbols of civilized society, and serve as an index of a country's
cultural standards．The museums discussed in this thesis refer specifically to fine art
museums, which are designed with the goal of serving the public, and it is on this
foundation of service that a museum's elements are constituted. When discussing the
planning and establishment of an art museum, the focus should include not only the
necessary external factors, such as culture, society, organizational systems, and other
factors related to the broader environment, but also a careful examination of whether
the museum encompasses a complete set of necessary elements based on its subjective
expectations. There are many factors necessary for a museum to operate smoothly and
fully realize its potential, including a careful choice of site and a well-defined
direction, a clear idea about the content and its distinguishing characteristics, a
complete model for the museum's organization and daily operation, suitable
consideration of the museum's functions and efficiency, complete and well-equipped
facilities, and a well-developed plan for expansion. The success of a museum's
operations, therefore, is contingent on its operational foundation and overall resources,
a strategic plan for development, a receptive public, and its organizational structure.
These five elements form the soul of a museum, and are the base of its operations. It
is only through careful attention to each of these elements that a museum can operate
effectively and meet its overall operational goals. In short, a new opportunity and a
sound framework of an art museum can be realized through an exploration of the
elements of a museum and a proposal of ideas, plans, surveys and analysis.
This research focuses on the study of the basic elements of an art museum, while
exploring the current status of art museums in Taiwan and other regions in Asia,
discussing the issues confronted by Taiwan's art museums in the future, and proposing
a series of strategies and suggestions. The thesis begins by discussing and compiling
relevant literature so as to gain a systematic understanding of the basic elements of art
museums and the history of art museums. The thesis then turns its attention to data
analysis to understand the current functions and structures of art museums in Taiwan
and other regions in Asia, as well as find commonality between different art museums
in their elements and actual operation. Lastly, the thesis discusses the important issues
regarding the elements of Tainan's Asian Pacific art museum, and makes a series of
suggestions for the planning and establishment of art museums in the future.

並列關鍵字

art museum ； Asia-Pacific region ； art administration and management ； element ； cultural policy

參考文獻

黃俊夫，（博物館·基金會〉，《科技博物》，4(5）(2000年）。

林平，〈藝術展覽的價值和空問的關係〉，《博物館學季刊》19(l)-台中：國立

秦裕傑，〈再論博物館社會資源與行銷〉，《博物館學季刊》，19(1)。台中：國立自

張崇山，〈博物館的展示管理一組織與任用〉，《博物館學季刊》，9(4)。台中：國

劉坤富，〈台灣省立美術館的典藏範圍與實施策略〉，《台灣美術》，7(1）（ 1993年）。