藝術在他方─ 談台灣都市更新中的文化生產

近年來，包含都市計劃與都市更新在內的城市發展政策，在台北都市區域裡進行密集的空間再開發行動，並將供需已達飽和的住宅商品市場導向金融化的投資市場。蜂起的大型都市計劃與都市更新案，對大台北區的文化多樣性、環境與居住權利影響甚鉅。2010 年以降的大台北地區，地產企業夾其資本透過對土地所有權與政策的佔據，進一步壟斷了都市更新區域的文化資源與文化生產。地產企業為主體的政商結構，透過對地方資產的挪用與占用，在更新過程中將地方文化轉換成符合「縉紳化」期待的消費文化：從而實現既有地方文化的淘汰。高等藝術教育出身的藝術工作者，結合了都市更新結構當中釋放的文化資源：包含給予藝術創作者的經費補助、工作室與展場等空間供給；在開發預備地的短期藝術村、展演、節慶等流動的空間中游移，進行著城市文化氛圍的改造。藝術工作者，與作為其溫床的藝術學院，必須開始正視：藝文資助的來源結構在其他社會與環境面向展現的破壞性。同時，藝術工作者也須開始反省：多數藝術創作如何淪為了都市更新化粧術？另，藝術創作是否可能展現更積極對抗的能量，或成為減緩社會排除問題的鑰匙？

關鍵字

全球化；縉紳化；藝術學院；當代視覺藝術；都市更新；都市再開發；都市企業主義；文化地產

並列摘要

In recent years, the activities of the redevelopment of space in the Taipei metropolitan area, including the urban development policies of urban planning and urban renewal, have been intensely conducted, and the target of policies has been redirected to the financial-oriented investment market from the already saturated housing market. The rise of large-scale urban planning and urban renewal cases has extremely tremendous impacts on the cultural diversity, environment and the right to housing of the Great Taipei Area. Since 2010, with great capital, the real estate enterprises in the Great Taipei Area have occupied the advantages of land ownership and policies and have further monopolized the cultural resources and cultural production in the urban renewal area. Through the appropriation and occupation of local assets, the structure of business and political relations that takes real estate enterprises as the mainstay has converted the local culture into the consumer culture that meets the expectations of “gentrification” in the process of renewal, and thereby realizing the elimination of the existing local culture. Artists with a higher arts education background have utilized the cultural resources released from the structure of urban renewal, including the subsidies, studios and exhibition spaces for art creators, to wander around the flowing spaces such as short-term art villages, performances and festivals in the planned sites of development, engaging in the transformation of the city’s cultural atmosphere. Nonetheless, artists and the universities of the arts that cultivate these artists must begin to face up to the emerging issues: the structure of arts funding sources has started to show its destructivity in other social and environmental aspects. At the same time, artists must also begin to reflect on why most artworks become only the makeup of urban renewal. In addition, the issues of whether artworks could demonstrate more positive energy against the inequalities in society or become a key that could reduce the elimination problem in society must be taken into reflection as well.

並列關鍵字

globalization ； gentrification ； university of the arts ； contemporary art ； urban renewal ； urban redevelopment ； urban entrepreneurialism ； cultural estate