小號是一種古老的樂器,它的祖先是獸角或海螺,在漫長的歷史中逐漸從純粹實用性的物品演變成一種擁有多面向表現力的樂器。在各種合奏樂曲中,小號常以既定的形象演奏雄壯輝煌的旋律,有時像軍隊般帶著肅殺之氣,有時則象徵皇室般的高貴地位。隨著時代的演變,作曲家也為小號的音色開發出各種新風貌。小號的變化可說是樂器中變化程度相對大者。這其中的有多少文化背景之浸染,又有受到那些歷史事件所影響?因此本文以研究小號的樂器人文性與經典管弦樂片段為目的,希望以自身學習小號的經歷為基礎,從音樂史及樂器史中整理出較全面性的發展脈絡,讓小號的歷史極其深刻的人文內涵更能為人所理解。 本文首先將小號作為一種樂器的範圍與概念作介紹,並概述其發展過程。之後分別闡述小號在人文思想與文化上角色的三種功能:作為戰爭性、作為典禮用與作為宗教性樂器的小號,並探討這些角色對於小號形象的影響。接著介紹各時代管弦樂團中小號的地位,最後選取七首經典的小號管弦樂團片段作分析,將小號的各種角色與音樂做結合。
Trumpet is an ancient instrument, it evolved from animal horn or conch. In the history, it has gradually evolved into a multi-faceted expressive instrument from a purely practical items. In a variety of ensemble music,the trumpet player's image often give magnificent brilliant melodies, sometimes like a military with a chill in the air, sometimes noble symbol of royal status. With the evolution of the times, the composers developed a variety of new features for trumpets. Changes of trumpet can be said that a relatively large degree in instruments, there are much affected by the cultural background and historical events Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the humanities of trumpet, and classic orchestral excerpts hop to sort out the history of music and instrument history of the development of the more comprehensive contexted by my own trumpet-learning experiences,so that the history of trumpet and the profound cultural connotations can be more understood by humans. This article first introduces the scope and concepts of the trumpet, and an overview of its development process. Then described trumpet’s three functions in humanistic ideas and culture: as an instrument of war, ceremony and religion to explore how these roles affect the image of trumpet. Then introduce the status of each era orchestra small numbers, the last selected seven classic trumpet orchestra fragments for analysis, the trumpet and music do combine various roles