從學院到社會：日治時期女性裸體畫研究

本文從學院到社會位置轉變的角度，探討日治時期女性裸體畫的發展歷程與爭議。研究過程分為三個部份：首先，追溯裸體畫自身的學院藝術歷史脈絡；其次，說明臺灣留學生學習裸體畫的背景與情形；最後，討論裸體畫公開化所引起的社會問題。由以上獲得的研究成果顯示，十九世紀後半期日本畫家黑田清輝等人，從法國畫家柯蘭學習創作裸體畫及「構想畫」的觀念之後，於東京美校與私人畫室實行裸體畫教育，並且試圖培養學生具備創作「構想畫」的能力。於此學習的臺灣留學生，練習大量的人體寫生作品，且其中多位留學生的畢業製作是裸體畫，但不是「構想畫」，唯陳澄波例外。至於在臺灣，透過臺、府展等機制，裸體畫成為公開展示的對象，與臺灣傳統社會價值觀產生衝突，殖民當局因此開始進行取締；另一方面，藝術評論家從純藝術的立場進行辯論。臺展中，殖民當局並未嚴格取締裸體畫，入選臺展的裸體畫皆得順利展出。然而，第二回臺陽展舉行時(1936)，李石樵《橫臥裸婦》一作卻遭到取締，顯示殖民當局對於裸體畫公開化的嚴重關切。最終，入選府展的裸體畫，作者透過減少其裸露程度，以降低裸體畫公開化與傳統社會價值觀之間的衝突。

關鍵字

臺灣美術史；裸體畫；「構想畫」；陳澄波；文化衝擊；李石樵

並列摘要

The thesis aims to study the development of the female nude paintings in the Academy and the controversy over these works during the Japanese colonial period. There are three steps of the research process. To begin with, I trace the historical contexts of these works. Then, I explain that how Taiwanese Student in Japan learned the female nude paintings. Finally, I discuss the social issues arising from female nude paintings in pubic. In the latter half of the 19th centuries, Japanese painters Kuroda Seiki and others had learned the female nude paintings and the "composition" level of paintings from French painter Raphael Collin. Then, they came back to the Tokyo Art School and private studios in Japan and instructed students here in nude paintings and the "composition" level of paintings. Taiwanese Students here frequently practiced drawing human body, which is beneficial to create the female nude paintings, and lots of them created female nude paintings as their graduate works but not the "composition" level of paintings. Only Chen Cheng-po had accomplished the "composition" level of paintings. During the Japanese colonial period, female nude paintings in pubic resulted in the ruler’s ban and art critics’ debate, but these works were successfully displayed in the Taiwan Fine Arts Exhibition. However, one of Li Shih-chiao’s female nude painting had been banned in the 2th of Tai-yang Fine Arts Exhibition, which shows that the ruler considered female nude paintings in pubic with politics. Finally, female nude paintings in pubic were lessened its nudity to reduce the conflict with Taiwan’s traditional values.

並列關鍵字

Taiwanese art history ； nude paintings ； the

參考文獻

American Art Association, Ernst Grosse, Raymond Koechlin, Raphael Collin. Illustrated Catalogue of the Important Collection of Paintings, Watercolors, Pastels, Drawings and Prints, Collected by Tadamasa Hayasbi. New York: American Art Association, 1913.

Boime, Albert. The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.

Nead, Lynda. The female nude: art, obscenity, and sexuality. London: Routledge, 1992.

一、中文部分