英國廢墟保存之美學意識源流研究

A Study on the Aesthetic Sources of Ruins and Their Conservation in Britain

陳瀅君(Ying-Chun Chen)

指導教授 ： 邱博舜

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院/建築與古蹟保存研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6835/TNUA.2009.00112

摘要

本研究旨在探討廢墟保存的美學價值。由於目前的保存論述皆將廢墟保存之美學背景指向畫境美學，但仍多僅止於關注在「如畫的」、「畫境式的」字面上的解釋，忽略畫境美學中經驗式思維的根本問題。對於廢墟保存本身而言，仍無法將廢墟美學－廢墟保存兩者的關係詳細說明，且無法讓人知道「為什麼」要保存歷史建築殘破的樣貌、以及這樣子的保存在視覺、在美感上究竟有何價值？
在經驗主義導向的畫境美學之下，18世紀英國美學家傾向以可見形象作為審視畫境的標準。隨著特質的釐清，畫境的審美標準儼然被視為對廢墟的美感詮釋。為使廢墟保存的美學價值能夠得到進一步論述，本研究將廢墟保存的美學問題置於經驗主義思維的脈絡下去討論，採文獻研究方式，嘗試以英國經驗主義的審美觀點作為開端，對18世紀英國的畫境、廢墟論述進行研究，並企圖以經驗主義做為畫境理論的背景哲學思維，探討畫境理論於此知識論下之建構歷程，討論在此哲學思維之下，如何詮釋「美」。接下來以畫境理論中論廢墟審美的環節建構廢墟美的審視標準，最後論證畫境美學與19世紀反修復理論間的關係。
本研究分為六章，主要內容摘要如下：
第一章 緒論：闡述研究動機、目的、範圍，相關研究成果回顧，問題意識提出與研究觀點、方法的形成。
第二章 經驗主義下英國美學理論發展：經驗主義的基本觀點，及受此觀點影響之下的美學研究發展。
第三章 崇高與畫境的美學性質：畫境理論在18世紀的發展，及其審美基本原則。
第四章 廢墟的地景審美：畫境審美之下，廢墟美學之特質、探討廢墟審美的本質。
第五章 廢墟保存的審美價值：19世紀廢墟保存論述與廢墟審美、畫境審美的關聯。
第六章 結論：研究總結與後續研究建議。

關鍵字

廢墟 ； 廢墟保存 ； 畫境 ； 崇高 ； 經驗主義美學

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the aesthetic value of ruin conservation. Since current researches on ruin conservation all attribute to the aesthetic ideology of ruin conservation to picturesque aesthetics, and most of these researches tend to focus on the literal interpretations of “picturesque,” the fundamental issue, which is the empirical thinking of picturesque aesthetics, has been neglected. As for ruin conservation itself, the relationship between aesthetics of ruins and ruin conservation has not been clearly explained. In addition, “why” it is necessary to conserve the broken appearance of historical buildings and what the visual and aesthetic values of such conservation are have not been revealed.
Under the influences of empiricism-oriented picturesque aesthetics, the British estheticians in the 18th century tended to view visible image as the standard for inspecting picturesque. With the clarification of the properties of picturesque, the aesthetic appreciation standard of picturesque has been viewed as the interpretation of aesthetics of ruins. In order to further investigate the aesthetic value of ruin conservation, the study probed into the issue of aesthetics of ruin conservation with empirical thinking, and conducted literature reviews on picturesque and ruins in England in the 18th century based on the aesthetic viewpoints of British empiricism. In addition, the study tried to investigate the construction process of picturesque theory and the interpretations of “beauty” under the philosophical thinking of picturesque theory. A standard for appreciating ruin aesthetics was constructed base on the aesthetic appreciation viewpoints of ruins discussed in the picturesque theory. The relationship between picturesque aesthetics and anti-repair theory in the 19th century was discussed in the end of this study.
This paper is divided into six chapters. The major contents are summarized as follows:
Chapter 1: Introduction: presents the research motives, research objectives, research scope, and relevant reviews on research achievements, the proposal of issue ideology and research viewpoints, and the formation of research methods.
Chapter 2: Development of British Aesthetic Theory under the Influences of Empiricism: the basic viewpoint of empiricism and the development of aesthetic research under the influence of this viewpoint.
Chapter 3: Aesthetic Properties of Sublime and Picturesque: the development of picturesque theory in the 18th century and its basic principles for aesthetic appreciation.
Chapter 4: Aesthetic Appreciation of Landscapes of Ruins: Investigating the properties and the nature of aesthetic appreciation of ruins under aesthetic appreciation of picturesque.
Chapter 5: Aesthetic Value of Ruin Conservation: discussing the relationship among ruin conservation in the 19th century, aesthetic appreciation of ruins, and aesthetic appreciation of picturesque.
Chapter 6: Conclusions: research summary and suggestions for future studies.

並列關鍵字

ruin ； ruin conservation ； picturesque ； sublime ； aesthetics of empiricism

參考文獻

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楊仁江建築師事務所

Hibbert, Christopher