- 學位論文
消防人員推行虛驚事件提報系統之可行性初步探討---以台南市為例
A Preliminary Study of Promoting a Firefighter Near-Miss Reporting System in Tainan City, Taiwan
摘要
本研究以目前美、加地區正推行的一套提升消防人員安全績效之通報系統--消防人員虛驚事件提報系統為藍本，探討國內消防組織推行本提報機制的可行性及適用性。以台南市消防局之現職員工進行問卷普查，回收有效問卷為221份，有效回收率95％。主要結果如下： 受訪者經教育宣導後，對消防人員虛驚事件提報系統已有相當程度的認知（答對率約72％），對提昇消防人員職業安全亦普遍抱持著正面肯定的態度（合計約94％）。大多數認為提報系統之規劃建置宜委託中立的學術機構負責、運作管理由消防局災害搶救課負責、運作管理經費來源向消防署申請專案補助、採用個人自願性質、以網際網路填報方式、提報人員應納入義消人員、不宜實施單位評比、獎勵措施採用行政獎勵或頒發獎金、對於提報相關資料仍有被追查的疑慮。 根據以上結果，提出以下建議：由內政部消防署規畫消防人員職業災害通報流程準則，通令各級消防單位據實通報，才能正確評估嚴重程度；堅持「保密性」、「匿名性」與「無懲罰性」為系統設計的首要原則；提報流程越簡易應越能激發消防人員提報意願，將填報表格設計成淺顯易填，頁數儘量精簡；未來提報系統之設計應強調提報的回饋性，以鼓勵消防人員提報虛驚事件，可實施個人或單位評比制度，並以行政獎勵或獎金為獎勵措施；借助電子、網路科技的發達，提供更簡便的提報管道及增進員工教育宣導功效，特別是針對管理幹部與資深人員；未來先以台南市消防局消防人員為實施對象，繼而將義消人員納入提報，俟有具體成果，再由內政部消防署規畫全國實施。
並列摘要
Firefighter near-miss reporting has recently been promoted and implemented in the U.S.A and Canada to improve firefighters’ safety performance. Near-miss reporting documents situations where accidents were narrowly avoided with the intent of cataloguing the incident to avoid similar occurrences in the future. This study employed a questionnaire (95% validity rate) to explore the practicability and applicability of a near-miss reporting system in a domestic fire organization. The participants were employees in the Tainan City Fire Department and underwent training for the firefighter near-miss reporting system. Most participants considered that: the planning and establishment of a reporting system should be committed to unbiased institutes; the disaster rescue section of the fire department should be responsible for the system’s management; the National Fire Agency should specialize in its application considering management expenses; each report should be spontaneous; internet-reporting should be included; volunteer firemen should be involved; ranking evaluation should be cancelled; rewarding procedures should include encouragements and/or prizes; some still feel suspicions regarding reporting privacy. There are some suggestions according to the above results: in order to evaluate the extent of seriousness, the National Fire Agency should plan firefighters’ occupational reporting procedures and instruct other fire units to report facts; the principles of designation should be ‘confidentiality’, ‘de-identification’, and ‘non-punishment’; the designation of reporting forms should be easy and clear, thus facilitating a willingness to report. Furthermore, if a reporting system emphasizes feedback, it may encourage firefighters to report a near-miss; for example, conducting ranking evaluation individually or by sections, and encourage reporting with administrative rewards or prizes. Additionally, with internet technology, more convenient reporting tools and further education can be provided, especially for managerial personnel and senior employees. In the future, this system will be employed at the Tainan City Fire Department, followed by the volunteer firemen. After successful implementation, the National Fire Agency could consider this firefighting near-miss system for use throughout Taiwan.