產後婦女哺乳狀況與影響母乳供需平衡相關因素探討

Investigation on the Factors Influencing Postpartum Women’s Breast-Feeding Condition and Balance of Supply and Demand

林雅純(Ya-Chun Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳宏一

長榮大學/健康科學學院/醫學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究目的在了解產後一個月婦女哺乳狀況和母乳供需平衡的狀況與年紀、生產方式、胎次、孕期體重的增加、身體質量指數、飲食狀況的相關性。
方法：
本研究採用病歷回溯性研究分析，並通過人體試驗委員會之審查，蒐集103年05月01日到104年05月31日入住南部某產後護理之家的產後婦女為對象，共200人，調查產後婦女哺乳狀況與意願，收集產後婦女年齡、胎次、身高、體重、飲食狀況及哺餵狀況，並分析結果。應用統計軟體SPSS12.0版本，以卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、多重比較等統計方法予以資料整理，具顯著意義為Ｐ＜0.05。
結果：
研究結果發現，產後坐月子婦女有96％有意願哺餵母乳，4％無意願哺餵；有意願哺餵母乳的產婦71％想哺餵母乳半年以上，有74％可達全母乳（供需平衡），26％無法達到全母乳（供需不平衡）。影響供需平衡的關係（1）生產胎次：經產婦達到供需平衡的比例高於初產婦，有顯著性的差異。（2）孕前身體質量指數：體重過輕者達到供需平衡的比例低於體重正常與體重過重者，有顯著性的差異。

結論：
經由本研究之結果，可作為臨床照護產婦母乳哺餵衛教之參考，進而達到母乳哺餵之目標，並做為未來母乳推廣的依據，提升產婦母乳哺餵率。

關鍵字

產後婦女 ； 哺乳 ； 供需平衡

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand the balance between supply and demand of breast milk in breastfeeding mothers during one-month postpartum, as well as the relationship between age, method of delivery, birth parity, increase in pregnancy weight, body mass index, and diet.
Methods：
In this study, patient medical records were collected from a total of 200 postpartum women at a postnatal care center in Southern Taiwan from May 1st 2014 to May 31st 2015 and retrospectively analyzed through review by an institutional review board committee. Postpartum breastfeeding women were surveyed regarding their breastfeeding situation and willingness to breastfeed, and information regarding their age, parity, height, weight, diet, and feeding situation was collected and the results were analyzed.Data were collated using statistics software SPSS12.0 version, such as chi-square test, independent-sample T test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple comparisons, and showed significance difference, P＜0.05.
Results：
The results of this study show that 96% of women during one-month postpartum are willing to breastfeed, while 4% wish to stop nursing; 71% of postpartum women who wish to breastfeed want to nurse more than 6 months, 74% of which could attain a full milk supply (balance in supply and demand), while 26% could not attain a full milk supply (supply and demand imbalance). Effects of the relationship between supply and demand： (1) Production parity： A higher ratio of postpartum women who had previously given birth reached a balance in supply and demand than those who gave birth for the first time, and the difference was statistically significant. (2) Pre-pregnancy body mass index： A lower ratio of women with lower body weight were able to achieve a balance in supply and demand than those with normal weight or overweight women, which was a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion：
The results of this study can be used as a health education reference in the clinical care of postpartum breastfeeding women, thus achieving breastfeeding goals and serving as a foundation for future promotion of breastfeeding, increasing the rate of breastfeeding mothers.

並列關鍵字

Postpartum women ； breastfeeding ； supply and demand balance

參考文獻

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