噪音環境緊急廣播系統性能改善之研究

Broadcast System Performance Improvement in Noisy Environment

楊文斌(Wen-Pin Yang)

指導教授 ： 何三平

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2011.00094

摘要

本研究以號角式揚聲器進行噪音場所揚聲器性能改善之探討，並配合日本YAMAHA公司開發之音域模擬軟體Yamaha Sound System Simulator (Y-S3)的輔助，改善噪音環境（如空壓機房等）內揚聲器收聽效果不佳的問題。藉由背景試驗之結果發現，各類場所消防安全設備設置標準第133條之揚聲器性能式公式，計算揚聲器設置於不同距離下之音壓值，皆高於揚聲器實際以噪音計測得的音壓值。此外，本研究使用Y-S3軟體，模擬不同輸出功率揚聲器之音壓，發現經Y-S3模擬得出之音壓分布結果與背景實驗中揚聲器實際量測所得之最小音壓曲線相符，此結果提供本研究揚聲器性能改善應用的依據，並也同時說明：後續各項研究探討上，Y-S3之模擬音壓值具有保守與參考價值。在小型噪音場所之無預警火災疏散演練中發現，當目標作業場所發出的噪音與揚聲器發出的聲音，產生之綜合音壓值，經噪音計實際量測後，如高於揚聲器單獨撥放之淨音壓值於6 dB以內，人員可清楚辨識緊急廣播揚聲器發出之人語發音以及鳴笛聲。本研究最後以一工廠內之廠房噪音為例，利用Y-S3模擬軟體進行該工廠揚聲器性能改善，最終明顯提升該工廠廠房之緊急廣播系統之效能。

關鍵字

噪音場所 ； 揚聲器 ； 廣播系統 ； 性能改善 ； Y-S3音域模擬軟體

並列摘要

This study is to conduct fire horn speaker of performance-improving designing approach, assisted with the software of theater sound simulation－Yamaha Sound System Simulator－designed by a Japanese corporation, YAMAHA, to probe into the noisy environment (such as air compressor room, etc) to help solving the ineffective receiving from speakers. Via the result of the live testing, we find the computed values of sound pressure of different setting distances under the functional formula set according to the Standard of Fire Safety Code 133 are higher than those actually gauged by sound level meter.
Moreover, the distribution of the values of sound pressure simulated by Y-S3 also accord with those actually gauged of the curve of minimum sound pressure. This result provides the basis for the research of speaker performance-improving designing and also suggests that the values of sound pressure simulated by Y-S3 are conservative and referable in the following research. During the unwarned fire evacuation drill in small noisy environment, the personnel can clearly identify the human voices and alarming sirens issued by the emergency-broadcasting speakers if the comprehensive values (noises of targeting field and of speakers) of sound pressure lively gauged by the sound level meter is higher than the net sound pressure solely issued by the speakers within 6 dB.
This research took a factory for experiment, by using Y-S3 to proceed with the performance improvement of the speakers, and the effects of the emergency broadcasting system are obviously promoted.

並列關鍵字

speaker ； sound pressure ； noise

參考文獻

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【1】 建築技術規則建築設計施工編(99/08/23 修正)。

【2】 各類場所消防安全設備設置標準 (97/05/15 修正)。