- 學位論文
高科技產業中階主管創業家特質、知識慣性與創新行為關係之研究 -跨界活動觀點
The Relationships among High-tech Middle Managers’ Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Knowledge Inertia and Innovative Behavior：A Perspective of Boundary Spanning Activity
摘要
組織疆界會帶來創新，尤其環境愈不穩定，組織跨界活動(boundary spanning activity)會越多，組織跨界角色與活動的研究已經越來越重要，然而過去國內對於組織跨界的相關研究顯然相對的缺乏。 過去研究發現知識慣性對於組織學習與組織創新有中介作用，但是對於個體創新行為方面仍值得深入探討。 本文主要目的在於探討台灣高科技產業跨界部門中階主管的跨界活動，透過前因變項創業家特質，來探討知識慣性、組織跨界活動與創新行為之關係。主要研究對象為台灣高科技產業跨界部門之中階主管，採分層立意抽樣(stratified purposive sampling )，以配對方式(一位部屬配一位直屬主管)分別針對新竹、中部與南部科學園區進行調查，總計發放180家廠商共900份研究問卷，回收76家廠商，總計236份樣本，扣除無效樣本12份後有效樣本為224份，佔總回收樣本數24.9％。 根據本研究結果發現，高科技產業中階主管創業家特質對創新行為有顯著正向影響，這意味著企業要發展創新優勢，必需能夠適才適所引進創業家特質高的員工；其次，知識慣性對於創業家特質與創新行為具有中介效果，這表示藉著改變知識慣性能提高創新行為，要改變知識慣性可藉著組織學習。本研究並發展了高科技產業中階主管組織跨界活動計有：跨領域接觸、跨部門互動、知識仲介、資訊綜合、外部網路等五項活動。 研究發現組織跨界活動對於創業家特質與創新行為具有干擾效果，這對於企業更深遠的意義在於透過不斷的組織跨界活動，確實提升個體創新行為。尤其是知識仲介與外部網絡活動兩項跨界活動才有顯著干擾效果，這些結果可以提供企業一個很重要的管理意涵與學術界未來的研究方向。
並列摘要
The boundaries of an organization facilitate innovation, and in particular, where environments are more unstable, boundary spanning activities occur more frequently. Research on boundary spanners and spanning activities is becoming increasingly essential. Relevant research in Taiwan, however, is evidently lacking. Previous studies have established that knowledge inertia exerts moderating effects on organizational learning and innovation, whereas its influence on individual innovative behavior needs further investigation. This dissertation is to examine boundary spanning activities among middle managers in the high-tech industry of Taiwan. Using entrepreneurial characteristics as the antecedent variable, the relationship between knowledge inertia, boundary spanning activity, and innovative behavior were analyzed. Study subjects were middle managers in the top six high-tech industries in Taiwan. 900 questionnaires with stratified purposive sampling were distributed to 180 firms , and 76 firms returned 236 samples. With the exception of 12 invalid samples, 224 valid questionnaires were obtained, constituting a 24.9 % response rate. The collected data were organized according to descriptive statistics before being subjected to factor analysis, confirmatory analysis, and multi-group structural analysis. The results show that the entrepreneurial characteristics of middle managers in high-tech industries significantly influence innovative behavior, indicating that enterprises must introduce employees with marked entrepreneurial characteristics to appropriate positions to develop innovative advantages. Furthermore, knowledge inertia was found to have mediating effects on entrepreneurial characteristics and innovative behavior, showing that innovative behavior can be increased by altering knowledge inertia, which consequently is influenced by organizational learning. This study developed a five-part typology of boundary spanning activities by middle managers in high-tech industries: (1) interdisciplinary contact; (2) cross-department interaction; (3) knowledge brokering; (4) information synthesis; and (5) external networking. This study further discovered that boundary spanning activities produce interfering effects on entrepreneurial characteristics and innovative behavior. In a deeper sense, constant boundary spanning activities in enterprises indeed enhances individual innovative behavior; the effects on knowledge brokering and external networking are particularly apparent. The findings also provided several implications for theory development and managerial practice, and future research directions.