新進護理人員工作壓力之生理指標研究

A Study on Job Strain for Entry Level Nurses

梁麗珍(Li-Zhen Ling)

指導教授 ： 陳振和

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生研究所(在職專班)/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2009.00161

摘要

摘要
當人面臨壓力時，身體會釋放大量的荷爾蒙。其中人體的腎上腺會分泌壓力荷爾蒙：腎上腺素(Epinephrine )、脫氫異雄固酮( DHEA)與皮脂醇(Cortisol)，在壓力存在下，Cortisol分泌會增加。唾液中分泌的免疫球蛋白A ( IgA )，曾被指出會隨著個體在不同的心理狀況下而有不同的表現量。此外，唾液中的Alpha-amylase活性增加與壓力指數成正比，且與Norepinephrine的濃度成正相關。
本研究主要目的在於量測Cortisol、IgA和Alpha-amylase，探討生理指標與其與壓力之相關性，並可作為一種壓力的測量工具。而透過描述性統計找出新進護理人員最大壓力源，並分析比較問卷中勞研所工作壓力量表與醫護人員工作壓力量表之關聯性。
本研究結果顯示在壓力量表中「工作負荷」分量表平均值為最高我們研判其有可能為壓力主要之來源，而量表中的其他分量表則較無明顯的不同。在生理指標中新進護理人員唾液中Alpha-amylase的濃度與壓力量表有顯著的正相關，IgA的濃度與壓力量表有顯著的負相關，且IgA的濃度也與整體的壓力量表具有顯著的負相關。而唾液中的Cortisol濃度和壓力量表中的各個分量表則無明顯的相關性。
利用測得的生理指標代表壓力的負荷程度，自我評量測得的工作壓力量表之結果找出壓力主要之來源為「工作負荷」，我們即能將處於壓力狀態下的護理人員做適時的工作調配及處置，以降低新進護理人員的離職率，以提升醫院的經營效益。

關鍵字

新進護理人員、工作壓力、生理指標

並列摘要

Abstract
Hormones will be released by bodies when we are under stress. The three stress hormones released by adrenal gland are Epinephrine,DHEA,and Cortisol. The amount of Cortisol released increases under stress . IgA is secreted is dependent on the psychological status. That it is proportional to the stress index and is positively associated with the concentration of Norepinephrine while the activity of Alpha-amylase is increasing, Cortisol, IgA, and Alpha-amylase are measurable biomarkers and can be as an instrument of stress measuring.
The purposes of this study were to measure biomarkers and assess the relationship of worker’s pressure in entry level nurses based on questionnaire survey and measurement of biomarkers survey and measurement of biomarkers .
The results of this study show that the mean score of work load is above three, which might be the major source of the stress.And there are no differences among other subscores. There are a significantly positive association between concentration of Alpha-amylase and the stress scale and a significantly negative association between concentration of IgA and the scale. However, there is no significant association between concentration of Cortisol and the subscales.
The application of assessing physiological indicators of self- evaluation and measured pressure on the scale of the work of the results, we can compare nursing staffs in a state of stress, physiological changes in the scale and the pressure associated with the outcome.

並列關鍵字

entry level nurses, work stress, biomarkers

參考文獻

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