模擬有機物質厭氧消化之固體物減量及能源回收之研究

A Study on Solid Reduction and Energy Recovery of Simulate Anaerobic Digestion Process

呂忠翰(Jhong-Han Lyu)

指導教授 ： 林信一

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2009.00166

摘要

本研究利用葡萄糖和動物飼料為基質，進行厭氧醱酵及消化反應，探討產氣效率及固體物減量效果。實驗過程分為三個部分，第一部分以葡萄糖和動物飼料為基質之厭氧醱酵試驗，分別控制不同水力停留時間和有機負荷，探討其產氫效果和動力學模式(Monod equation)；第二部分以動物飼料為基質進行單相式和二相式厭氧消化反應，控制不同基質前處理(加熱水解和超音波水解)和水力停留時間，模擬在不同條件之下，其產氣和固體物減量提昇的效果；最後以得到較佳的控制條件進行高溫厭氧反應試驗，探討其產氣和固體物去除效果是否能更進一步的提昇。
由實驗結果得知以葡萄糖為單一基質進行厭氧反應時，水力停留時間控制為12小時，其產氫效率和VSS濃度最高約為26.2 ml-H2/g-COD和615mg/L;以動物飼料為基質進行厭氧反應時，有機負荷控制為10.0 kg-TS/m3•day，其產氫率為最高約為16.3ml-H2/g-COD；以動力學模式推導得知，以葡萄糖為基質進行反應，水力停留時間為12小時，其半反應速率常數(Ks)為7,184mg/L，以動物飼料為基質進行反應，其Ks為18,330mg/L。
第二部分的實驗指出基質進行超音波水解前處理之二相式厭氧消化反應其甲烷產量提昇約30％，TVS去除率提昇約15%，COD去除率提昇約10%，產甲烷效率為20ml-CH4/g-COD為最佳；當水力停留時間控制為16天時，二相式厭氧消化反應甲烷化槽因HRT縮短，而反應槽內發生揮發酸累積現象，揮發酸濃度從1,538mg/L累積至4,878mg/L，使得甲烷化槽無法有效進行反應，而產氣量和固體物去除效果有明顯的降低，下降約27%。
以組合基質進行超音波水解前處理，基質濃度控制20,000mg/L，進行高溫厭氧反應，其產氫量和固體物去除皆有提昇效果，其產氫量提昇約40%，TVS去除率提昇約23%，COD去除率提昇約20%。

關鍵字

水力停留時間 ； 有機負荷 ； 動力學 ； 超音波水解 ； 固體物減量

並列摘要

This study is aimed to investigate the digestion rate and biogas production rate of glucose and animal feed in anaerobic fermentation and digestion.The hydrogen production yield and kinetics (Monod equation) of substrates used glucose and animal feed in anaerobic fermentation experiments by different hydraulic retention time and organic load rate was investigated in the first part.In the second part,the biogas production yield and solid reduction of animal feed in signal-phase and two-phase anaerobic digestion experiments by different pretreatment(pre-heat and ultrasound) and hydraulic retention time was investigated.Finally,the biogas production yield and solid reduction in thermophilic anaerobic reaction was studied according to experiment results.
The results of the first part indicated that glucose was used as substrate in anaerobic reaction,the hydrogen production yield of 26.2 ml-H2/g-COD and volatile suspended solid of 615mg/L was the best result when hydraulic retention time were controlled at 12 hours. The half-maximal reaction velocity constant(Ks) is 7,184mg/L.Substrate used animal feed in anaerobic reaction had the highest hydrogen production yield of 16.3ml-H2/g-COD when organic load rate wer controlled at 10.0 kg-TS/m3•day. The half-maximal reaction velocity constant (Ks) is 18,330mg/L.
The second part indicated that substarte through ultrasound in single-phase and two-phase anaerobic digestion had increaded about 30% methane yield、15% TVS removal rate and 10% COD removal rate and the methane production yield was 20 ml-CH4/g-COD.When HRT was controlled at 16 days, VFA was accumulated from 1,538mg/L to 4,878mg/L in the two-phase anaerobic methanogenic reactor.The biogas production yield and soild reductive had decreased about 27 %.
The biogas yield and soild reductive was increased when substrate concentration were controlled 20,000 mg/L in thermophilic anaerobic reaction.The biogas yield、TVS and COD removal rate had increased about 40%、23% and 20%.

並列關鍵字

Hydraulic retention time ； organic load rate ； kinetics ； ultrasound ； soild reduciton

參考文獻

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