風力切換式磁阻發電機之開發及其控制

DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF A WIND SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE GENERATOR

李宜宸(Yi-Chen Li)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2018年)

摘要

本論文旨在開發一實驗型風力切換式磁阻發電機及從事其增能控制。首先，建立切換式磁阻發電機，並適當設計其控制架構。一變頻器供電永磁同步馬達作為發電機之替代風渦輪機，裝設必備之外激直流電源、轉子位置及電壓感測機構，且將換相時刻妥善設定於發電模式下。在電流控制安排上，採磁滯脈衝寬度調變架構，配合硬式飛輪切換，對抗發電機之負值反電動勢效應。為在變動轉速下獲得穩定輸出電壓，再適當處理以下關鍵事務：(i) 適當之濾波； (ii) 適當設定隨速度變化之電壓命令； (iii) 強健電壓控制；及 (iv) 動態換相移位。
接著，建立切換式磁阻發電機之後接介面轉換器，建立升壓及調節良好之直流鏈。因應變動之切換式磁阻發電機輸出電壓，除適當設計之回授控制器外，輔加以電壓命令前向控制器，由發電機之輸出電壓直接設定介面轉換器之責任周期。最後，實驗觀察所建風力切換式磁阻發電機系統之總體操作特性，構建一含特定測試負載之雙極直流微電網，以實測結果顯示其動態響應及穩態操作特性。

關鍵字

風力發電機 ； 切換式磁阻電機 ； 電壓控制 ； 強健控制 ； 換相移位 ； 升壓轉換器 ； 前向控制 ； 雙極微電網

並列摘要

This thesis is mainly concerned with the development of an experimental wind switched-reluctance generator (SRG) and its performance enhancement control. The first step is to establish a SRG and well design its control scheme. An inverter-fed permanent- magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is used as an alternative of wind turbine. And the external excited DC source is equipped. The necessary rotor position and voltage sensing schemes are installed. And the commutation instant is properly set at the generating range. In current control arrangement, the hysteresis pulse-width modulation (PWM) scheme with hard freewheel is adopted to counteract the effects of back electromotive force (EMF), which is negative in generating mode. Then, satisfactory SRG output voltage under varying driving speed is achieved via properly handling the following key matters: (i) proper filtering; (ii) appropriate voltage command setting according to varied driving speed; (iii) robust voltage control; and (iv) dynamic communication shifting.
Next, the SRG followed DC/DC boost converter is constructed to establish a well-regulated DC link voltage. Since the SRG generated voltage is highly fluctuated, in addition to the properly designed feedback controller, a voltage feed-forward controller is added to directly determine the converter duty cycle. Finally, the operating characteristics of the established whole wind SRG system are observed. Specifically, an experimental bipolar DC micro-grid with the arranged test loads is established and assessed. Some measured results are presented to demonstrate its dynamic responses and steady-state operating characteristics.

並列關鍵字

wind generator ； switched-reluctance machine ； voltage control ； robust control ； commutation shift ； boost converter ； feedforward control ； bipolar micro-grid

參考文獻

REFERENCES

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