電信詐騙提款犯罪熱點之環境特性分析－以新竹市為例

The analysis of the environmental characteristics of the withdrawal crime hotspot of the telecom fraud－Hsinchu City as an example

潘育華(Yu-Hua Pan)

指導教授 ： 丁志堅

國立清華大學/竹師教育學院/社區與社會學習領域碩士在職專班/碩士(2019年)

摘要

台灣電信詐騙集團行騙全球惡名遠播，加上電信詐騙集團運作模式組織分工嚴密，各組成員間互不相識，以規避警方查緝，而「車手」是詐騙行為的最終執行者，也是造成ATM提款犯罪熱點的製造者，本研究試圖從提款犯罪車手選擇ATM提款的角度切入，去尋找答案。
本研究係透過地理空間探索方式，蒐集新竹市警察局管轄區域內電信詐騙提款犯罪的數據資料列為依變項，訪談各分局詐欺案件專責承辦人，找出可能影響提款犯罪熱點的環境因子列為自變項，以環境犯罪學為理論基礎，運用GIS犯罪製圖技術及空間分析，探究提款犯罪熱點與環境特性的關聯性，建立可解釋的提款犯罪熱點環境特性空間模型，進行多元線性迴歸分析，最後並與環境犯罪學理論相互印證，進而提出具體安全環境空間改善建議及防制策略。
研究結論顯示，新竹市提款犯罪熱點，在火車站點附近、商業區人潮聚集處、道路便捷度高的市中心區附近及在商場、購物中心、百貨公司等附近會造成高提領的犯罪熱點；提款車手會盡量避開錄影監視器多的道路及金融機構內外的提款機提款。提款犯罪熱時時段分布在17-21時，佔總筆數的51%，佔總數的一半以上，提款犯罪熱時值高；提款犯罪冷時時段分布在3-7時，佔總筆數的0.6%，提款犯罪熱時值低。本研究結果可做為政府機關制定政策及警察機關勤務派遣、預防及查緝犯罪的重要參考。

關鍵字

犯罪熱點 ； 地理資訊系統 ； 環境犯罪學 ； 犯罪製圖 ； 空間分析

並列摘要

Taiwan Telecom fraud group deceives the world's notoriety, and the telecommunications fraud group's operation mode organizes a strict division of labor. The members of each group do not know each other to avoid police investigations. The "driver" is the ultimate executor of fraud and also causes ATM. The maker of the crime hotspots for money withdrawal crimes, this study attempts to find the answer from the perspective of the withdrawal of criminal drivers to select ATM withdrawals.

This research is based on the geospatial exploration method, collecting data on telecom fraud and withdrawal crimes in the jurisdiction of the Hsinchu City Police Bureau as a Dependent variable, Interview with the contractors of each branch fraud case to find out the environmental factors that may affect the hotspots of withdrawal crimes as an Independent variable, based on the environmental criminology theory, using GIS crime mapping technology and spatial analysis to explore the correlation between the hotspots of the withdrawal crime and the environmental characteristics, and to establish an interpretable space model for the hot spot environment characteristics of the withdrawal crime. Multivariate linear regression analysis, and finally confirmed with the theory of environmental criminology, and then put forward specific security environment space improvement suggestions and prevention strategies.

The research results show that Hsinchu City's cash withdrawal hotspots, near the train station, crowds in the business district, near the downtown area with high road convenience, and in shopping malls, shopping centers, department stores, will result in high-profile crime hotspots; Withdrawal drivers will try to avoid withdrawals from roads with more video monitors and ATM inside and outside financial institutions. The hot time of withdrawal crimes is distributed at 17-21 hours, accounting for 51% of the total, accounting for more than half of the total. The hot time value is high of withdrawal crimes; the cold time of withdrawal crimes is distributed at 3-7 hours, accounting for 0.6% of the total, the cold time value is low of withdrawal crimes. The results of this study can be used as an important reference for government agencies to formulate policies and police agencies to dispatch, prevent and investigate crimes.

並列關鍵字

crime hotspots ； Geographic Information System,GIS ； environmental criminology ； crime mapping ； spatial analysis

參考文獻

參考文獻

一、中文部分

王文科, & 王智弘. (2014). 教育研究法: 台灣五南圖書出版股份有限公司.

吳宗穎. (2016). 從情境犯罪預防觀點探究國內詐欺犯罪之利益與風險－詐欺犯罪人的自我陳述. (碩士), 國立中正大學, 嘉義縣. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/11296/av624b

宋樹寰. (2008). 電信詐欺犯罪類型、特徵與防制策略之研究. (碩士), 國立臺北大學, 新北市. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/11296/8qfw3q