考量多目標與資源限制下之產品研發策略與績效評估方法論

Developing a Methodology for Product Development Strategy and Performance Evaluation Considering Multi-objectives and Resource Constraints

江梓安(Tzu-An Chiang)

指導教授 ： 張瑞芬

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/博士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2007.00022

摘要

因新產品開發專案經常面臨高失敗率，因此挑選最適合的產品組合策略，並有效地配置有限的研發資源在最具潛力的新產品開發專案上是相當關鍵的議題。此外，無法預期的意外事件經常在新產品開發的過程中出現，使得新產品開發費用、研發資源與專案時程往往超出預期。然而，傳統的專案管理工具缺乏有效率與有效果的方法解決這些問題與挑戰。
因此本研究發展考量多目標與資源限制下之產品研發策略與績效評估方法論。該方法論可分為三個部份，第一個部份是發展產品組合管理分析方法論，協助R&D經理建立最適的產品組合策略。為了客觀地評估新產品開發專案之綜合績效，本論文運用模糊層級分析法來決定準則權重，然後利用模糊多屬性決策分析評估模式選擇最具潛力與高附加價值的新產品開發專案。因考量產品組合中專案彼此間研發資源與風險的交互影響關係，因此使用活動群組概念來評估產品組合之各項資源需求與風險。在產品組合收益部分，這篇研究考量產品組合內產品間之被替代效果，因此能較合理的估計產品組合收益。第二部份提出以標竿為基的方法論，最佳化新產品開發流程。在規劃與執行階段，本論文發展以標竿為基的分析模式，以及建立流程修正機制最佳化新產品開發流程。在專案完成後，運用資料包絡分析法評估與檢視在產品組合中新產品開發流程相對經濟效益。第三部份發展產品研發策略與流程最佳化服務平台架構。最後，為了驗證本方法論，因此使用行動電話開發專案為案例展現其可行性與顯著效益。

關鍵字

產品組合管理 ； 新產品開發流程 ； 資料包絡分析法 ； 行動電話開發專案

並列摘要

Since new product development projects face high mortality rates, it is crucial to select the most appropriate product portfolio to effectively allocate limited R&D resources to the projects with the greatest potential. In addition, unpredictable incidents occur during new product development (NPD) processes, which cause expenses, resources and schedule overruns. Traditional project management tools lack of efficient and effective methods to solve these problems and challenges.
Therefore, this study presents a methodology for product development strategy and performance evaluation considering multi-objectives and resource constraints. There are three parts in this research. The first part is to develop an analysis methodology of product portfolio management to assist R&D managers in creating the most appropriate product portfolio strategy. For the evaluation of NPD projects, this study uses fuzzy hierarchical analysis (FHA) to determine criteria weights and then applies fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) to select the R&D projects with the greatest potential and highest value. Considering the interactions of risk and resources within a set of projects, a group concept is used to evaluate resource requirements and potential risks of product portfolios. In respect of the profit of a product portfolio, this study considers substitution effects among products within a product portfolio to estimate the portfolio profit accurately. The second part is to put forward a benchmarking methodology to optimize a NPD process during its lifecycle. In the planning and execution phases, this research develops analytical benchmarking models and creates the modification mechanisms to optimize NPD processes. When the process is completed, the relative economical efficiency of these particular NPD processes within a product portfolio is evaluated and reviewed using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. In the third part, this study develops the service platform architecture for product development strategy and process optimization. Finally, in order to demonstrate the methodology’s real-world application, a mobile-phone development project scenario is used as a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

並列關鍵字

product portfolio management ； NPD processes ； DEA ； mobile-phone development project

參考文獻

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