多壁奈米碳管/石墨烯微片/氧代氮代苯并環已烷/環氧樹脂碳纖維積層板複合材料機械性質暨疲勞壽命之研究

Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Life of Multi-Wall Nanotubes/Graphene Nanoplates/ Benzoxazine/Epoxy Carbon Fiber Laminated Composites

林秀臨(Lin, Hsiu Ling)

指導教授 ： 葉銘泉

國立清華大學/工學院/動力機械工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究旨於透過氧代氮代苯并環己烷改質環氧樹脂，並混摻多壁奈米碳管及石墨烯微片作為補強材，預期藉此提升複合材料的機械性質及疲勞壽命。實驗過程中探討下列幾點：(1)氧代氮代苯并環己烷的添加量對機械性質的影響；(2)單獨採奈米碳管或石墨烯微片作補強材，探討其個別的補強效應及濃度的影響；(3)奈米碳管和石墨烯微片混摻之最佳比例；(4)採最佳配比製成積層板材料後，探討添加量對機械強度及疲勞壽命之影響。
研究結果指出添加氧代氮代苯并環己烷得以顯著提升拉伸及彎曲性質，但同時會使材料變得硬脆，使得抗衝擊強度下降。單一添加奈米碳管或石墨烯微片對材料均有增益效果，係因奈米補強材能夠造成裂紋偏轉使得材料所需破壞能量上升；添加超過一定濃度後，則會因為團聚現象的產生造成材料應力集中而使機械性質下降。
根據混摻實驗結果，奈米碳管和石墨烯在比例9/1具有最佳的機械性質。採此比例補強積層板複合材料，相較於純樹脂積層板材料性質具有顯著提升，拉伸強度上升22.28%，彎曲強度上升9.64%，抗衝擊強度上升33.75%，層間剪切強度上升15.78%，扭轉疲勞壽命方面有近3倍的提升量。性質得以提升係因奈米補強材強化纖維和基材之間的介面，使得應力順利分散至纖維。此補強機制藉由破壞斷面的SEM影像獲得印證。

關鍵字

奈米碳管 ； 石墨烯微片 ； 氧代氮代苯并環己烷 ； 複合材料 ； 機械性質 ； 扭轉疲勞

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to adopt mixture of Benzoxazine and epoxy resin as matrix and mixture of multi-wall nanotubes and graphene Nanoplates as nano-reinforcement through modification between Benzoxazine and epoxy resin and utilizing nano-reinforcements, to improve the mechanical properties and fatigue life of composite. The study investigates: (1)The influence of Benzoxazine content of resin on mechanical properties; (2)The impact of reinforcing effect and concentration when adopting nanotubes or graphene Nanoplates individually as reinforcement; (3)The best ratio of the mixture of nanotubes and graphene Nanoplates; (4)The influence of concentration of reinforcements in best proportion on mechanical strength and fatigue life of laminated composites.
The experimental results show that addition of Benzoxazine can greatly improve tensile and flexural properties, but the material would become hard and brittle with drop of impact strength at the same time. Nanotubes or graphene have beneficial efficiency on materials, because they both can occur micro crack deviation and increase energy to failure. However, when the concentration of nano-reinforcement exceeds certain concentration, the aggregation phenomenon should incur stress concentration, thus the mechanical properties will decrease.
According to the experimental result of mixing nano-reinforcement, the 9:1 mixing ratio of nanotubes and graphene Nanoplates is the best ratio for enhancing the mechanical properties. The reinforcements in best ratio added to the laminated composites show good enhancement, improving the tensile strength by 22.28%, the flexural strength by 9.64%, the impact strength by 33.75% and the torsion fatigue life by about three times in contrast with those of neat resin laminated composites. The properties are improved, because the nano-reinforcements enhance the interfaces between matrix and fibers, thus the load can be effectively transferred to fibers. This mechanism is confirmed by observing SEM images of failure surface.

並列關鍵字

Nanotubes ； Graphene Nanoplates ； Benzoxazine ； Composite ； Mechanical properties ； Torsion fatigue

參考文獻

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