基於廣義零向量單相升降壓型反流器之建模與設計

Modeling and Design of a Single Phase Step Up/Down GZV-Based Inverter

游憲鵬(Shian-Peng You)

指導教授 ： 潘晴財

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2009.00704

摘要

近年來各國積極推動分散式潔淨能源系統的開發，如燃料電池、太陽光伏發電系統等。上述替代能源系統常被應用於偏遠地區作為小型離線式電源的供應，因此，系統中單相反流器的角色便非常重要。一般而言，上述系統輸入端多屬低壓直流電源，在應用上往往需要經過直流轉換器升壓後，再由降壓型反流器提供交流輸出。有鑒於此，本文採用之轉換器架構是基於廣義零向量之概念達到整合成單級架構，吾人將其應用於單相反流器工作模式，可取代傳統應用於升壓系統中直交流轉換的二級式架構。整合後的優點不僅降低了傳統架構複雜度，且進而提高系統功率密度與可靠度。本文之目的即在於研究如何建模與設計此一兼具升降壓功能與雙向電力潮流能力之新型反流器，使其應用效能得以更加卓越。
本論文主要貢獻如下：第一點貢獻是推導出本文所提轉換器於單相反流器工作模式中之完整數學模型，其中包含直流模型以及交流小訊號模型，此可做為將來控制器設計之指標。第二點貢獻則是本文在建模過程中同時導演出直流側電壓與電流之二倍頻數學模型及其等效電路，此模型可以更精確地量化描述出此諧波成分。據作者所了解，本二倍頻模型係國際上首度提出。第三，本文所提單相反流器之交流輸出端加入一新型被動式漣波消除電路用以補償輸出漣波，藉此可大幅降低傳統LC二階濾波器之體積並且同時提供近乎純淨弦波之電源輸出。第四點貢獻，本文根據前述二倍頻成分解析式提出一套被動元件參數設計方針，可對於不同應用場合之諧波要求做出更經濟且快速的設計。最後，依據本文理論分析之結果，設計與研製一規格為48V直流輸入110V有效值交流輸出，以及額定功率400W之雛型系統，並經由實驗與模擬結果驗證，可知此新型單相反流器確實可達到預期之效果。

關鍵字

分散式潔淨能源系統 ； 廣義零向量 ； 被動式漣波消除電路 ； 純淨弦波 ； 二倍頻成分解析式 ； 二倍頻等效電路模型

並列摘要

In recent years, distributed clean energy sources such as fuel cell and solar cell systems are promoted greatly in many countries. These alternative systems are often used in remote areas as stand-alone power supplies. Generally speaking, the output of fuel cells or solar cells is a low-voltage DC source. Thus, in many applications, a step up DC/DC converter is required for boosting the voltage to a higher value, for the following Voltage-Source Inverter. However, the two-stage configuration has some drawbacks such as high cost and complex control. In view of the above drawbacks, a single-stage DC/AC converter integrated based on Generalized Zero Vector (GZV) is adopted in this thesis to operate as a single phase inverter. In fact, the main purpose of this thesis is focused on modeling and design of the novel inverter with step up/down and bidirectional power flow capabilities.
Basically, the contributions of this thesis can be summarized as follows. First, both the DC and small-signal models of the proposed inverter are derived for simplifying the design of close-loop control. Second, both state equations and equivalent circuit model for the double line frequency of the voltage and current at DC side are derived. Based on these models, the harmonic magnitude can be calculated accurately. To the author’s best knowledge, these derived models for describing the double line frequency components are proposed for the first time. Third, a passive ripple cancelling cell (RCC) is proposed for reducing the volume and weight of the traditional second-order LC filter significantly to achieve clean output current waveform at the AC side. Fourth, based on the models and analytic forms of the doubly line frequency components, a design guideline of LC parameters is given to achieve faster design for different applications. Finally, a 400W, 48V DC input and 110Vrms AC output prototype is constructed. Both the simulation and experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed inverter.

並列關鍵字

distributed clean energy ； Generalized Zero Vector (GZV) ； RCC ； clean output current waveform ； analytic forms of double line frequency components ； equivalent circuit of double line frequency components

參考文獻

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