台灣LCD產業關鍵零組件之研究:以冷陰極燈管為例

A Research on LCD Industry Key Component Parts in Taiwan ： A Case Study of CCFL

張聖梓

指導教授 ： 吳鑄陶

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘要
LCD的發展，日本可以說是最舉足輕重的角色。當年日本LCD剛起步時，上游材料根本無法由外部取得，企業為了量產TFT面板，整個產業呈現「高度垂直整合」，加上內部有著濃厚的「技術本位」，各自發展屬於自己的LCD技術及零組件，導致規格差異大，標準化程度低。隨著面板產業逐漸轉移到台灣，各面板廠與日本技轉對象的系統各自獨立，而台灣生產面板所需零組件，仍舊必須依賴這些日本廠商，技術與零組件的標準化仍然有限。
雖然近幾年隨著國內零組件的自製率提高，對於占成本比例較高的「關鍵」零組件之投資，有助於台灣發展面板產業的根基；但隨著時間與環境的改變，常被注意的零組件，或許不再像過去那麼「關鍵」，反而過去一直較少被注意的零組件如：背光源使用的冷陰極燈管(CCFL)，隨著液晶電視市場的龐大需求，逐漸形成面板出貨的瓶頸，才逐漸被重視。國內也開始有廠商開始大量投入生產，試圖瓜分這波缺貨潮中的大餅，但Porter在「國家競爭優勢」中強調：無論是本地供應商或是相關產業，都必須與鑽石體系的其他關鍵要素相呼應，若掌握不住先進技術、無法及時反映市場變遷，就算能培養出世界一流水準的供應商，它對下游企業競爭的貢獻仍然有限。
因此本研究將以資源依賴觀點為核心，站在台灣面板廠的角度，說明面板產業與關鍵零組件產業的相互的依存關係，試著去探討如何有效的管理零組件的議題，並掌握關鍵資源，以期提升我國面板產業的競爭優勢。

關鍵字

TFT-LCD ； 零組件 ； 冷陰極燈管 ； 資源依賴

並列摘要

Abstract
In LCD history , it can be said that Japan played the most pivotal role. When LCD industry just started in Japan, materials were unable to obtain by exterior. For the mass production of TFT panels, LCD industry presented “highly vertical integration” and “exclusive technology”. Each company developed their own technology and component parts, it resulted to great specification differences and the low degree of standardization. Accompanied with LCD industry transferred to Taiwan gradually. The systems between Taiwan companies and Japan companies were independence from others. But the component parts that Taiwan needed still had to rely on these suppliers from Japan, and the standardization of technology and components still limited in Taiwan.
Although the developing of LCD component industry progresses in resent years in Taiwan, especially in “key” component that cost higher. It did help for Taiwan to expand LCD industry. Maybe the “key” components are not longer so important by changes of time and environment. In this case: cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) was cheap, but getting more and more important by becoming bottleneck of LCD output. Because of the large demand in LCD-TV market, there are manufacturers beginning to put mass production in Taiwan, attempting to share the market. But Porter emphasized that in “Competitive Advantage of Nations”: No matter local supplier or related and supporting industries ,it must have to interlink with other factors. If it unable to catch the advanced technology and reflect to the market in time, it’s still limited to the contribution of enterprise’s competition even with the best supplier.

Therefore this research will see “Resource Dependence” as the core and the view of Taiwan panel companies, and describing the relationship of dependence between panel industries and component parts industries. Trying to discuss how to manage component parts more efficiently and keep key resource in control, in hope of improving the competition advantages of the panel industries in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

TFT-LCD ； component parts ； CCFL ； Resource Dependence

參考文獻

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