銅離子對金魚藻光系統活性與形態的影響

The influences of cooper ions on photosystem activity and morphology of Ceratophyllum demersum L.

羅宜華(Yi-Hua Luo)

指導教授 ： 徐邦達

國立清華大學/生命科學院/生物資訊與結構生物研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2007.00458

摘要

有許多的水生植物具有吸收水中污染物質，並提供溶氧的能力。金魚藻( Ceratophyllum demersum L. )為一般常見的沉水草本植物，生長在水流緩慢的池塘、河溝或湖泊等環境中，能有效吸收工廠排放出的重金屬離子，並且可以用來評估特定區域的有毒重金屬含量，扮演指標生物的角色。
為了能迅速了解銅離子對金魚藻的影響，我們利用金魚藻的葉綠素螢光值來當作生理變化的指標，並以石蠟切片的方式，在顯微鏡下觀察金魚藻組織變化情形，並以感應式質譜儀觀察銅離子在植物體內分佈的狀況。我們發現在當氯化銅溶液升至100 μM時，金魚藻的光合作用效率會隨著在時間增加而降低，且在10小時後發生落葉。在經由100 μM 氯化銅處理24小時後，金魚藻在莖及葉的銅累積量分別為(662 μg/g)、( 99 μg/g)。金魚藻的電導率隨著濃度和持續時間增加而增加。在結構方面發現隨著氯化銅處理時間增加細胞的間隙變大，在接近落葉的時間點葉與莖的節點細胞出現變形內縮。並且發現氯化鈣可延緩金魚藻落葉的時間。

關鍵字

金魚藻 ； 銅離子

並列摘要

Abstract：
There are many aquatic plants that absorb heavy metals, and provide oxygen. Ceratophyllum demersum L. is a very common submerged aquatic plant that grows in the ponds, ditches and lakes. It can efficiently absorb surplus heavy metals released by factories and is used for the assessment of toxic metal contamination in special area.
In order to understand the influence of copper ions on Ceratophyllum demersum L the chlorophyll fluorescence of the plant was used an indication of physiological status, parafilm slicing followed by microscopic observation was used to monitor the damage of the plants at tissue level and mass spectroscopy was used to find out the distribution of copper ions it plant’s body. We found that the photosynthetic efficiency of Ceratophyllum demersum L declined with increasing copper concentration to 100μM and leaf detachment after 10 hours . About 662μg/g copper were accumulated in the leaf and 99μg/g in the stem of Ceratophyllum demersum L ,after exposure to 100μM copper for 24 hours . Electric conductivity was decreasing. Morphological symptom of stem was observed spaces between cell wall and diminished cell at leaf detachment area. Ca could delay the leaf separate for 2hours.

並列關鍵字

Ceratophyllum demersum ； cooper ions

參考文獻

吳敬謙 (2003) Waste paper cellulose hydrolysis by hanging type immobilized cellulase reactor and it’s carbohydrate products analysis 中原大學

Bliger W, Schreiber U, Bock M, 1995. Determination of quantum efficiency of photo system Ⅱ and of non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence in the field. Oecologia,102, 425 - 432

Devi, R. M. and Hutchinson, T. C.: 1980, The response of root acid phospatease activity to heavy metal stress in tolerant and non – tolerant clones of two grass species, New phytol. 86, 359 – 364

Devi, S. R. and Prasad M. N. V. (1998) Copper toxicity in Ceratophyllum demersum L. (Coontail), a free floating macrophyte: Response of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants. Plant Sci. 138: 157-165.

Kumar, G. P., M. Prasad, N. V., 2004. Cadmium toxicity to Ceratophyllum demersum L.: Morphological symptoms, Membrane, and ion leakage:Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 72, 1038 – 1045