我國國小學童之新興能源認知、態度與行為意圖之研究—以新竹地區為例

本研究以問卷調查方式探討新竹地區國小高年級學童對新興能源的認知、態度與行為意圖的現況與相關性。以「方便取樣」方式，選定新竹縣四所學校高年級學童197人及新竹市兩所學校高年級學童228人為研究對象，剔除無效問卷後，有效樣本數為409人，回收率為96.2%。研究工具為參考國立台灣師範大學(2013)「國小能源教育指標」之自編「能源認知問卷」、「能源態度問卷」及「能源行為意圖問卷」。能源認知正式問卷為四選一選擇題，分數範圍為0~12分，能源態度正式問卷及能源行為意圖正式問卷為李克特五選一量表，分數範圍分別為0~65分及0~60分。利用獨立樣本t檢定及單因子變異數分析探究新竹地區國小高年級學童之能源認知、能源態度與能源行為意圖現況，並利用皮爾森積差相關分析能源認知、能源態度及能源行為意圖之相關性。所得資料獲得結論如下: 一、新竹地區國小高年級學童在能源認知中，得分表現呈中上，最需要加強「能源議題」；在能源態度中，得分表現高，最需要加強「公民行動」；在能源行為意圖中，得分表現中上，最需要加強「能源議題」。二、新竹市地區或高家庭社經地位國小高年級學童在能源認知表現得分顯著較高。而新竹地區中小型國小或高家庭社經地位高年級學童在能源認知問卷中能源議題面向表現得分顯著較高，新竹市地區國小高年級學同在能源認知問卷中能源概念、能源議題面向表現得分顯著較高。三、新竹地區國小高年級學童能源態度男生較女生正向。而新竹地區男性國小高年級學童在能源態度中能源議題及能源意識表現較正向，新竹市或家長職業性質與能源無關的國小高年級學童在能源態度中公民行動表現較正向。四、新竹地區國小高年級學童能源行為意圖在個人背景變項(性別、學校規模、學校行政區、家庭社經地位及家長職業性質)皆無顯著差異。五、整體能源認知與整體能源態度、整體能源態度與整體能源行為意圖具有中度且顯著的正相關，整體能源認知與整體能源行為意圖具有低度但顯著的正相關。最後，研究者依據研究發現與結論對能源教育、教育當局及後續研究提出相關建議，以供能源教育及研究改進之參考。

關鍵字

新興能源；能源認知；能源態度；能源行為意圖；國民小學

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between students’ knowledge ,attitude and behavioral intention of emerging enery. The research investigated by questionnaire with convenience sampling, and chose 197 5th and 6th graders as research samples from four elementary schools in Hsin-Chu county and 228 5th and 6th graders as research samples from two elementary schools in Hsin-Chu city, and the valid samples were 409. The research tool was a self-compiled energy cognitive questionnaire, energy attitude questionnaire, and energy behavior intention questionnaire, that modified from “National Energy Education Index” of NTNU (2013). The statistic methods such as Independent-Sample t test, ANOVA and Pearson Product –Moment Correlation were used to analyze the collected data. The conclusions were as followings: 1. The elementary school students’energy knowledge,is in an about average level, and need to strengthen about energy issues； for energy attitude,is in a superior level, and need to strengthen about citizen action； for behavior intention, is in an about average level, and need to strengthen about energy issues. 2. In terms of school district and family the significant difference of students energy knowledge is existent. The students live in hsinchu city or with high-family economic ststus, will have the highest score in energy knowledge. 3. There is significant difference in elementary school students’energy attitude between different grades, and male has more positue positive attitude . 4. In terms of viariable students background,there is no differencr in elementary school students’energy behavior intention. 5. There is a moderate positive correlation between energy knowledge and energy attitudes, energy attitudes and energy behavior intention. The energy knowledge has a low positive correlation with energy behavior intention. At last, based on research findings and conclusions some suggestions were made by researcher for energy education, education authorities and subsequent researchers.