具儲能緩衝雙向交流/直流轉換器供電之切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統

BILATERAL AC/DC CONVERTER FED SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE WITH ENERGY STORAGE BUFFER

馬偉銘(Wei-Ming Ma)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2018年)

摘要

本論文旨在開發一具儲能緩衝之雙向交流/直流轉換器供電切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統，建立與比較評估多種交流/直流轉換器。首先探究切換式磁阻馬達之一些基礎及關鍵技術，並建構一三相橋式整流器供電之切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統。其感測機構、換相機構、電流與速度控制機構均妥善設計，獲得良好之驅控特性。然而未調控之直流鏈電壓，使馬達只能正常操作至一特定轉速；此外，其不具功率因數矯正與再生煞車回送電能至市電之功能。
接著開發各式具功因校正之交流/直流轉換器。首先建立標準三相全橋式升壓型切換式整流器供電之切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統，除具高入電電力品質外，可升壓之直流鏈電壓提升了切換式磁阻馬達之高速驅控特性；而再生煞車回收電能亦可成功回送市電。接著提出兩種由橋式整流器改良之替代方案： (i) 主動式功率濾波器輔助三相橋式整流器供電之切換式磁阻馬達：雖可改善橋式整流器固有之電力品質與再升煞車問題，然其直流鏈電壓變動問題仍在； (ii) 主動式功率濾波器輔助三相單開關升壓型切換式整流器供電之切換式磁阻馬達。其具有全橋式升壓型切換式整流器供電之完整功能，但可採用電流額定較低之功率元件。
最後，提出一具儲能緩衝之切換式整流器供電切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統，一蓄電池儲能裝置介接至系統之直流鏈，以提供能量緩衝。藉由所提之並聯控制策略，電網與蓄電池儲能裝置可同時對切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統供電，提升其能源供應之可靠性。

關鍵字

切換式磁阻馬達 ； 換相移位 ； 再生煞車 ； 升壓 ； 功因矯正 ； 切換式整流器 ； 主動式功率濾波器 ； 儲能系統 ； 蓄電池 ； 並聯操作

並列摘要

This thesis develops the bidirectional AC/DC converter fed switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drives with energy storage buffer. Various AC/DC converters are established and comparatively evaluated. First, some basic and critical technologies of SRM are explored, and a three-phase diode rectifier fed SRM drive is established. The sensing scheme, commutation scheme, current and speed control schemes are all properly designed. Satisfactory driving characteristics are obtained. However, it can only be normally operated up to a certain speed owing to the unregulated DC-link voltage. Moreover, it hasn’t power factor correction (PFC) and regenerating braking functions.
Next, various PFC AC/DC front-end converters are developed. The standard three-phase full-bridge boost SMR fed SRM drive is first established. Except for having good line drawn power quality, the boostable DC-link voltage of the SRM drive can enhance the SRM driving performance in higher speeds. Moreover, the recovered regenerative braking energy can be sent back to the grid successfully. Then, two alternatives modified from the diode rectifier are proposed: (i) active power filter (APF) assisted three-phase diode rectifier fed SRM drive: Although the power quality and the regenerative braking problems possessed by diode rectifier can be solved, the DC-link voltage variation problem still exists; and (ii) APF assisted three-phase single-switch (3P1SW) boost SMR fed SRM drive. All functions of the full-bridge SMR fed SRM drive are preserved. Moreover, the power devices with lower current ratings can be employed.
Finally, the SMR-fed SRM drive with energy storage buffer is presented. A battery storage facility is connected to the motor drive DC-link to provide its energy buffer. Through the proposed parallel operation strategy, the utility grid and the battery storage facility are able to power the SRM drive simultaneously to enhance its energy supplying reliability.

並列關鍵字

Switched-reluctance motor ； commutation shift ； regenerative braking ； voltage boosting ； power factor correction ； switch-mode rectifier ； active power filter ； energy storage system ； battery ； parallel operation

參考文獻

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