雙向交流/直流轉換器

Bi-Directional AC/DC Converter

吳岳霖(Yue-Lin Wu)

指導教授 ： 賴炎生

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本文旨在發展變頻器前級部份的雙向交流/直流轉換器，系統採用電壓空間向量調變控制之整流器架構，轉換器之控制均在同步旋轉座標系統下，採用多迴路控制，其中包括電流內迴路與電壓外迴路，用以達到快速響應之目的。內迴路部分利用直接電流控制法及電壓解耦控制器達到電流追縱控制；外迴路部分主要控制輸出電壓使之達到命令電壓，並利用功率平衡控制法來達到瞬間功率平衡。本文所發展之轉換器提升輸入功因至接近單位功因，降低輸入電流總諧波失真至5%以下。其次抑制低次諧波，藉此減少諧波污染。
本文系統之規格為： ， ，輸出功率為 ，最高載波頻率為 ，功率因數高於0.9，電流總諧波失真小於5%。模擬部分利用Matlab® -Simulink®及所建立之控制理論模擬系統響應，模擬完成後即與實作結合驗證，實作部分採用 數位控制板作為主控核心，以電壓空間向量調變(Space Vector Modulation, SVM)技術產生三相輸出，藉此控制轉換器開關狀態。
為了減少感測器之數量，文中提出以估測方式取代直流輸出端電流，經模擬與實測結果均驗證本文所提控制方法的可行性。

關鍵字

雙向交流/直流轉換器 ； 電流諧波 ； 單位功因

並列摘要

The thesis is dedicated to the design and implementation the bi-directional AC/DC converters for the front-end of inverter. The developed converter is modulated by space vector modulation and the related controlled quantities are referred to synchronous frame. The controller consists of multiple control loops, which include inner current loop and external voltage loop to achieve fast response. The inner loop is based upon direct current control and the voltage decouple to achieve current tracking, and the external loop controls the output voltage to follow the desired DC voltage value by balancing of instantaneous power between input and output. The developed converter improves the input power factor to approximate unity power factor and reduces the total harmonic distortion of current less than 5%. The low order harmonics are reduced and thereby decreasing the harmonic pollution.
The specifications of the system include: the input voltage is AC 220 V/60 Hz, output power 1 kW, carrier frequency is 15 kHz, power factor is higher than 0.9, and the total harmonic distortion of current is less than 5%. The simulation software is developed based upon the platform of Matlab® -Simulink® and the experimental set-up is based on the dSPACE digital control board. The power devices of converter are controlled by the three-phase gating signals generated by space vector modulation technique.
To reduce the number of sensor, a current estimation method is proposed to give the DC-link current. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.

並列關鍵字

Bi-Directional AC/DC Converter ； Current Harmonic ； Unity Power Factor

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