核能電廠監視系統的異常行為偵測支援系統之建構

本研究目的主要在於建立人員行為觀察的技術，及早發現員工可能發生的異常或緊急情況，包括受傷、突發病症等情形，以預防因員工異常行為而危及核子保安系統之安全。同時從人因工程的觀點進行實驗，藉由比較傳統監視系統模式與本研究發展之異常行為偵測支援系統為基礎之監視系統模式，進行系統的績效的量度以及人員心智負荷的評估，驗證本研究發展之技術是否適合核電廠之監視作業。首先探討核電廠之情境以及可能發生之異常狀況，接著根據歸納出之異常行為分類拍攝模擬監視影像，使用數位影像處理演算法擷取出人員影像資料，將資料編碼為姿態、移動速動、移動軌跡等三個量化變數，輸入決策樹軟體中進行資料分類，並根據生長完成決策樹之預測規則建立異常行為偵測支援系統 (UBDSS)。設計一模擬實驗，藉由比較傳統監視模式與UBDSS監視模式之受試者反應時間、作業績效、作業負荷，衡量人員績效提昇以及負荷降低之程度。研究結果顯示，UBDSS具有良好之異常行為預測能力 (平均預測率為83.4%)；此外，實驗結果顯示，使用UBDSS的監視系統可以顯著提昇人員之績效，平均反應時間下降42.9%，平均錯誤率下降62.1%。對於智慧型監視系統之發展，實驗研究可應用勞力密集產業之廠房中自殺或異常行為之即時預防，以及其他安全層級較高設施，如高級政府機關之安全維護。

關鍵字

異常行為；智慧型監視系統；核電廠

並列摘要

This study is to develop a technique of behavior observation to detect insiders abnormal behavior and workers’ emergent situation such as heart attack or fall down in NPP in order to prevent safety hazard due to workers’ unusual behavior. Moreover, experiment has been carried out in the viewpoint of human factors engineering for the purpose of comparing conventional surveillance system and the surveillance system with Unusual Behavior Detection support system (UBDSS) to measure system effectiveness and workload reduction First of all, the scenario and possible abnormal behavior in NPP were discussed. Next, the simulated video data was shot and, with image process algorithm, captured and transferred into three numerical variables that interpreting human action including gesture, moving speed and moving angle. The three variables were then analyzed with decision tree method to construct a model for finding relation among the three variables and the behavior observed. The rules of decision tree classification were used to predict new video data, which formed UBDSS. Afterward, an experiment was conducted to verify system effectiveness and reduction of workload by computing response time, error rate and NASA TLX task load index. The results of this study indicated that unusual behavior prediction rate of UBDSS is acceptably high (average classification rate = 83.01), and auto-alarm system with UBDSS is able to improve system performance as results of experiment indicated that the response time decreased about 42.9% and the error rate decreased about 62.1%. The result of this study can be applied on other relevant industries such as suicide preventions of labor-intensive industry and secure protection in safety-concerned facilities such as government office.

並列關鍵字

unusual behavior ； surveillance system ； nuclear power plant

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

核能電廠監視系統的異常行為偵測支援系統之建構

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