Systematic Layout Planning on Interface Design of Digital Alarm Systems

系統化佈置規劃程序應用於數位儀控警報系統介面設計

劉康弘(Kang-Hong Liu)

指導教授 ： 黃雪玲

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2011.00619

摘要

To ensure safety in NPPs, this study investigated the interface design of a digital alarm system by analyzing the cognitive model of operating information. This study focused on alarm window layout planning to improve the human-machine interface. The diagnosis of the alarm systems showed that related alarms were scattered throughout the alarm window when single event occurred. This situation does not meet proximity compatibility principle and NUREG-0700, the digital instrument control principles. Therefore, this research used SLP as the infrastructure to solve the problem of alarm window layout design and to develop new alarm interfaces. According to the relationship among system-level alarms, we developed three layout alternatives that were dependent on three limitations of different levels. To compare the difference between the original and improved systems, the time of alarm handling, operators’ performance, decision time, and situation awareness was evaluated. Lastly, according to the results of this experiment, an improved human-machine interface, which fits operators’ cognitive models, reduces decision time, and maintains situation awareness, is suggested. Besides, training operators with the simulation interface could reduce decision time with low cost.

關鍵字

警報系統 ； 相近相容原則 ； 設施規劃 ； 情境知覺 ； 決策時間

並列摘要

本研究計劃目的在探討數位儀控警報系統設計與核電廠安全性之關係，藉由分析運轉員對警報系統所呈現各項電廠運轉資訊之認知模式，同時探討警報顯示、反應程序及控制等人機介面之操控效能，進而改善現有警報人機介面，提高系統安全。
經由問題診斷，發現在異常事件發生時，主控室內對應事件出現的警報顯示過於分散，不符合空間相容性原則，亦不符合NUREG-0700對警報設計的要求。因此，本研究運用系統化佈置規劃程序，針對警報窗配置設計進行改善，從警報操作程序書整理出各系統層級警報與異常狀況的關聯，進而重新編排各警報單元並重新設計顯示介面，依不同的電廠配置限制設計出共三組不同的警報窗配置模式。
接著透過情境模擬實驗，比較改善前後之警報決策時間及情境知覺，確認各改善後配置模式在不同情境下是否能提升績效。最後提出符合運轉員認知模式之警報窗顯示配置形式，以維持高度的情境知覺並降低決策時間，並建議可以使用模擬介面讓運轉員進行決策訓練，能以較低的成本有效降低決策所需時間。

並列關鍵字

alarm system ； proximity compatibility principle ； layout planning ； situation awareness ； decision time

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