添加奈米銀線及銀顆粒對於染料敏化太陽能電池效率之影響

Effect of Adding Silver Nanowires and Nanodiscs on the Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

王儀琳(Yi-Lin Wang)

指導教授 ： 林滄浪 ； 胡瑗

國立清華大學/原子科學院/工程與系統科學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2013.00450

摘要

本論文主要研究添加奈米銀線以提升染料敏化太陽能電池中之效率。所用之奈米銀線用熱還原方法生成，其寬度約為100 nm而長度從數微米至約30微米，其表面再包覆上一層二氧化鈦以防止奈米銀線被電解液中的碘離子腐蝕或是在加熱燒結時熔成塊狀。藉由改變奈米銀線的參雜比例與二氧化鈦層的薄膜厚度來探討奈米銀線添加量對不同電極厚度的影響。實驗添加奈米銀線比例為1, 2, 3及4wt%，並利用旋轉塗佈3次、6次、9次、12次與15次增加薄膜厚度。研究結果顯示於膜厚約10 μm，添加奈米銀線比例為3 wt%時，其電流及轉換效率提升最大，效率可由4.68%提升至5.31%。由IV、EIS及IPCE量測分析結果可推論其效率提升主要源自於阻抗的降低，添加奈米銀線可提高電子的傳輸效率。而隨著薄膜厚度的增加或奈米銀線比例添加過高則效率降低。另外亦製備了奈米銀盤，大小約50 nm，厚度約20 nm，具有雙峰的光吸收峰，希望藉奈米銀盤於長波段的表面電漿共振作用對光電轉換效率上有所幫助。因產量低，只測試添加0.1 wt%的量，對電流有些許提升，但由於參雜的量過少提升的效果有限，由IPCE量測發現奈米銀盤有助於促進整體光電轉換。

關鍵字

染料敏化太陽能電池 ； 奈米銀線 ； 奈米銀盤

並列摘要

In this study, we focus on the effect of adding silver nanowires in the TiO2 electrode of the dye-sensitized solar cell. The silver nanowires were synthesized by Polyol process. The synthesized silver nanowires have a diameter about 100 nm and a wide distribution of lengths, from several microns to about 30 microns. The synthesized silver nanowires were coated with a thin layer of TiO2 to prevent erosion by the electrolyte and also to prevent the fuse of the nanowire during the annealing process. The amounts of the silver nanowires added to the TiO2 electrode is from 1 wt% to 4 wt% and the TiO2 film thickness was varied from 8μm to 30μm. It was found that adding 3 wt% silver nanowires for the 10 micron thick film achieve the highest efficiency. The efficiency is increased from 4.68% to 5.31%. According to the results of IPCE and EIS measurements, the improvement of efficiency can be attributed to the reduction of the internal impedances and the enhancement of the electron transport. For thicker films or higher amounts of added silver nanowires, the efficiency would decrease which could be due to the increase of light absorption. Other than the addition of silver nanowires, tests were also made with the addition of silver nanodiscs, which possesses double absorption peaks. Due to the small amounts of the synthesized silver nanodiscs, tests were made for adding only 0.1 wt% silver nanodiscs and it was found that the efficiency can be slight increased.

並列關鍵字

DSSC ； silver nanowires ； silver nanodiscs

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