漢語表改變與變化之句法語意探究

The Syntax and Semantics of Changing and Becoming in Mandarin Chinese

陳怡靜(Chen, Yi Ching)

指導教授 ： 林宗宏

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/語言學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2014.00135

摘要

本論文從句法及語意層次探討漢語中「變」和BECOME的差異。
漢語「程度化達成謂語」可分別出現在含有「變」和BECOME的句子。我們發現，BECOME的補語為一個詞組，而「變」與補語則會構成複合詞。此外，「變」和BECOME對補語有不同的終結點要求。BECOME必須帶一個有終結點的補語，而「變」則帶一個無終結點的補語。
有關「成」的探究也與「變」和BECOME息息相關。當「變」和「成」構成複合詞，形成中心語在後的結構，受語論元必須出現，且是被「成」所應允。

關鍵字

輕動詞 ； 程度化達成謂語 ； 終結點 ； 中心語後置 ； 變 ； 成

並列摘要

This thesis investigates constructions that contain two Mandarin verbal elements, bian ‘change’ and BECOME, and studies them in syntax and semantics.
Based on observations on degree achievements and their complements with bian and BECOME, we find that BECOME and bian exhibit different syntactic properties - BECOME takes an XP complement, while bian and its complement form an X0-X0 compound. Moreover, they require different telicity properties for their complements. BECOME takes a telic predicate denoting a positive reading, while bian takes an atelic predicate denoting a comparative reading.
Questions about cheng ‘become’ also lead to issues that are closely related to bian and BECOME. When bian and cheng form a compound, a head-final construction is formed, and an object argument is obligatory, which is licensed by cheng.

並列關鍵字

light verb ； degree achievement ； telicity ； head-final ； bian ； cheng ； BECOME

參考文獻

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Hay, J., Kennedy, C. and Levin, B. 1999. Scalar structure underlies telicity in “Degree achievements”. SALT 9, 127-144.