具插入式能源收集之蓄電池儲能系統

本論文旨在開發一具多交流和直流電源插入式能源收集之連網蓄電池儲能系統，所有控制均採用數位訊號處理器實現。在所建蓄電池儲能系統中，其連網變頻器直流鏈電壓由蓄電池經一雙向交錯式直流/直流轉換器升壓調控建立之，並聯轉換器之電流模式控制僅採用感測之直流鏈單一電流。至於變頻器，在相域妥當設計之電流控制機構，使其在儲能系統、負載和電網間具良好之功率調控能力。除負載虛功及諧波功之補償外，所建蓄電池儲能系統可安排從事三種操作模式：(i) 電池至電網放電模式：蓄電池儲能系統供電給區域負載，並回送規畫之功率至電網；(ii) 電網至電池充電模式：電網供電給區域負載，並對蓄電池充電；(iii) 浮接模式：所有負載的實功率由電網提供。當在電網故障時，蓄電池儲能系統切離電網，於獨立操作模式下對負載供電。為有效利用可能取得之再生能源、分散式能源或備用能源，本論文開發插入式能源收集系統以對電池進行輔助充電。所提供之兩種能源收集路徑為：(i) 三相電源經由後接之三相無橋式切換式整流器。由適當安排，除風力發電機和備用三相交流電源外，單相交流源或直流源也可輸入；(ii) 交錯式降-升壓轉換器承接直流電源。所收集之能源可經由兩種路徑對電池進行充電和對蓄電池儲能系統提供能源補充：(i) 經由一降壓轉換器直接對電池充電；(ii) 經由一隔離型共振式直流/直流轉換器接至蓄電池儲能系統之直流鏈。此外，微電網及電動車輛亦可接至本蓄電池儲能系統，執行換能互連操作。

關鍵字

蓄電池儲能系統；變頻器；介面轉換器；切換式整流器；單電流感測；微電網；輔助充電器；連網操控；獨立操控

並列摘要

This thesis is mainly concerned with the development of a grid-connected three-phase battery energy storage systems (BESS) having plug-in energy harvesting from various AC and DC sources. All controls are digitally realized using digital signal processor (DSP). In the developed BESS, the DC-link voltage of grid-connected inverter is established from the battery bank via an interleaved bidirectional DC/DC converter with two modules. The DC-link single current sensing technique is applied for successfully conducting the current-mode controls of parallel converters. As to the inverter, the properly designed current control schemes in phase domain makes it possess good power conditioning control capability between BESS, local load and utility grid. In addition to the load reactive and harmonic power compensations, the proposed BESS is arranged to perform the following three modes: (i) Battery-to-grid (B2G) discharging mode: the BESS provides all load powers and sends the preset real power to the utility grid; (ii) Grid-to-battery (G2B) charging mode: the utility grid supplies all load real powers and charges the battery bank; (iii) Floating mode: all load real powers are supplied by utility grid. As the utility grid failure occurs, the BESS is isolated from utility grid and operated in battery-to-home (B2H) mode for supplying uninterruptible power to the load. To effectively utilize the possible renewable, distributed and backup energy, the plug-in energy harvesting system is developed to make the battery auxiliary charging. Two energy harvesting paths are provided: (i) Three-phase source followed by three-phase bridgeless discontinuous-current mode (DCM) switch-mode rectifier (SMR). Through proper arrangement, in addition to wind AC generators and three-phase back-up AC sources, the single-phase AC source or DC source can also be the harvesting inputs; (ii) DC source followed by interleaved buck-boost DC/DC converter. The harvested energies can perform the battery charging and the energy support to the BESS via two possible channels, namely: (i) Direct charging the battery via a buck DC/DC converter; and (ii) Through an isolated resonant DC/DC converter to the common DC-link of the BESS. The bidirectional interconnected operations between the developed BESS and the micro-grid (B2M/M2B) as well as the BESS and the electric vehicle (B2V/V2B) can also be applicable.

並列關鍵字

BESS ； inverter ； interface converter ； SMR ； single current sensing ； micro-grid ； auxiliary charger ； grid-connected operation ； autonomous operation

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

具插入式能源收集之蓄電池儲能系統

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