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  • 學位論文

藝術作為自我療癒: 以妮基‧德‧桑法勒的個體化歷程為例

Art as Self Healing: Niki de Saint Phalle’s Process of Individuation

指導教授 : 高榮禧

摘要


法國藝術家妮基‧德‧桑法勒(Niki de Saint Phalle, 1930-2002)的一生以她過人的朝氣、創意與想像力,成為二十世紀極具影響力的女性藝術家之一,她的藝術以多元形式的表現,拓展了當代藝術的美學與幻想空間。而她豐富的藝術成就來自於多舛的童年陰影以及受壓抑的心理情狀,使她在年輕時經歷了嚴重的精神性病症;然而,作為一個病體,妮基透過藝術像是為自身開啟一條自癒的藝術療程;為藝術所治癒,也為藝術所昇華。因此,本研究期望透過觀看妮基的作品,連結其生命經驗,探究妮基以藝術作為自我癒療的個體化療程。 研究者將以妮基的生命與藝術為文本,區分為四個階段:《集合藝術》(1956-1961)、《射擊藝術》(1961-1964)、《娜娜》與系列雕塑(1964-2002)以及《塔羅公園》(1978-2002),以榮格心理分析理論解析其個體化歷程,並輔以藝術治療理論,試圖解析藝術家主觀意識的創作歷程,與其內在心象的反應過程;並藉由女性主義相關研究與論述從社會結構中,梳理藝術家身份認同的發展脈絡。 觀看妮基的藝術創作歷程與創作論述,皆指向藝術為她的心理帶來治療的能力,她的一生映照了完整的個體化歷程,她在藝術的世界裡發現了自己的潛能,透過藝術找回失去的本體,並以女性的姿態展現女性的個體性,向世人展示了她的一生與她的療程。

並列摘要


The works of French artist Niki de Saint Phalle (1930-2002) expand the aesthetics and fantasy space of contemporary art with multiple forms of expression. She was one of the most influential female artists of the twentieth century. But her artistic achievements came from the shadows of her childhood and her depressed psychological conditions. She suffered from a severe mental illness at a young age. However, as a sick body, Niki started a healing process for herself through art. She was healed by art and sublimated by art. Therefore, this thesis hopes to explore the artistic works of Niki and her life experiences, as an art healing pocess Individuation. The researcher will use Niki's life and art works as the text for analysis, divide it into four stages: "The Assemblages"(1956-1961), "Tirs or Shooting Painting"(1961-1964), " The Nanas" Sculpture Series (1964-2002) and "Tarot Garden"(1978-2002). Based on analytical psychology. The researcher attempts to analyze the individuation process of our artist by analyzing the creative process of her subjective consciousness and the responsive process of her inner image with art therapy theory. And the researcher tries to adopt feminist research to sort out the development of our artist's identity from her social context. The life process of Niki and her artistic creation process all point to the art capacity to bring the healing process to her psychology. Her life reflected a complete procedure of individuation. She discovered and realized her potential in art and regained her lost identity. She demonstrates feminine individuality by revealing her life and her treatments.

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