溫度補償鋰聚合物電池模型於擴展型卡爾曼濾波器電量估測之植入式充電器

植入式生醫裝置對於電力管理十分嚴苛，過度充放電易使電池壽命提早結束，此時得透過手術的方式更換電池，除了導致傷口面積擴大，增加額外的感染風險外，更造成醫療資源的浪費，一個精確的電量評估系統可確保植入式生醫裝置在安全的環境下使用。而溫度對電池內阻與開路電壓會產生一定的影響，當電池模型參數改變時，將直接影響電量估測結果。基於以上原因，本研究探討固態鋰聚合物電池內部模型參數與溫度的效應，實際模擬人體內環境，針對溫度37°C到40°C做模型的建置，除此之外，為了修正電池的非線性時變因子，利用擴展型卡爾曼濾波器（extended Kalman filter）偵測系統目前狀態，針對電池內部參數即時更新以預測未來電池電量狀態，並透過動態實驗驗證有溫度補償與沒有溫度補償兩者電量估測的誤差，結果顯示誤差範圍均在±3 %，最後將其運用在定電流與定電壓充電策略的切換點上，藉由判斷充電狀態切換兩種充電策略，避免過早切換的問題，在不傷害電池的情況下，縮短17分鐘的充電時間，使充電更加快速，以確保電池在安全的環境下工作。

關鍵字

鋰聚合物電池；植入式生醫裝置；電量估測；溫度補償；擴展型卡爾曼濾波器

並列摘要

As implantable devices become more sophisticated and their extended functionalities impact their energy requirements, they not only rely on charging for the extra energy but also become ever more sensitive to battery deep discharge or overcharge. Replacement of batteries through surgical procedures results in increased wound area, increased risk of infection and wasted additional medical resources. Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation plays a fundamental role in ensuring the operation safety of implantable medical devices. Because internal resistance and open circuit voltage are affected by temperature, battery model parameters change; it will directly affect the SOC estimation. Based on the above reasons, this paper studies a temperature-compensated model that incorporates an extended Kalman ﬁlter method to estimate the state of the dynamic, nonlinear system and its parameters from 37 °C to 40 °C at an interval of 1 °C. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the estimation error can be effectively limited to within ± 3 %. The proposed SOC estimation approach is introduced as an alternative to the conventional constant current (CC)-constant voltage (CV) charging strategy, potentially increasing device charging speed and capacity while maintaining operation safety.

並列關鍵字

Lithium-ion polymer battery ； Implantable medical devices ； State-of-charge ； Temperature-compensated model ； Extended Kalman ﬁlter

參考文獻

[1] A. B. Amar, A. B. Kouki, and H. Cao, "Power Approaches for Implantable Medical Devices," Sensors, vol. 15, pp. 28889-28914, 2015.

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溫度補償鋰聚合物電池模型於擴展型卡爾曼濾波器電量估測之植入式充電器

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