區域創新環境力與投資風險度對台商推薦度影響之研究－台商布局珠三角、長三角、西三角三大經濟板塊比較分析

隨著不斷的改革開放，中國大陸正在朝「創新驅動型」國家邁進，同時塑造出「大眾創業，萬眾創新」的整體社會氛圍，並象徵著中國大陸正由過往「低成本、低附加價值、製造代工、抄襲大國」等定位，往「差異化、高附加價值、高科技產業、創新大國」的未來新方向變革，因此結合政府、企業與民間之力量共同構建出「創新環境」至關重要。然許多台商未跟上這波創新的潮流，在中國大陸政府推動「騰籠換鳥」政策之情形下陷入經營困境，並逐漸由沿海城市往內陸城市轉移。過往台商密集的長三角經濟圈與珠三角經濟圈，如今已成為中國大陸之科技重鎮，同時以重慶、成都與西安為首之西三角經濟圈亦在崛起，成為台商當前重要的投資地。　　基於上述理由，本研究希望以布局中國大陸珠三角經濟圈、長三角經濟圈及西三角經濟圈之台商為研究對象，探討區域創新環境力、投資風險度及台商推薦度之關係。在經過相關研究與文獻探討後，本研究將區域創新環境力分為「創新孵化環境」、「創新法制環境」、「創新推廣程度」與「創新建設環境」等四個構面；投資風險度分為「社會風險」、「政治風險」、「經營風險」、「轉型風險」等四個構面；並將台商推薦度以「城市發展潛力」、「整體投資效益」、「國際接軌程度」與「台商權益保護」等四項評估指標來探討之。同時針對中國大陸三大經濟板塊之區域創新環境力、投資風險度及台商推薦度進行比較。本研究以發放問卷的方式進行，共回收295份有效問卷並進行相關之統計分析，最終彙整出六大結論如下： 1.區域創新環境力與投資風險度有顯著相關，可知企業家要創新或創業時，其投資之風險與回報率為其關注之因素。 2.區域創新環境力對台商推薦度有顯著影響，顯示台商越發注重創新環境，並將成為台商選擇布局城市之重要參考依據。 3.投資風險度對台商推薦度有顯著影響，凸顯在中國大陸經商環境變化迅速的形情下，如何降低投資風險仍為台商在意的重點。 4.台商產業特性對區域創新環境力與台商推薦度有顯著干擾效果，高附加價值產業更加注重布局城市之創新環境。 5.中國大陸三大經濟板塊在區域創新環境力、投資風險度及台商推薦度上有顯著差異，代表台商認為於三大經濟板塊之環境與風險截然不同。 6.不同城市屬性之城市在區域創新環境力、投資風險度及台商推薦度上有顯著差異，彰顯出城市屬性會影響當地之環境與風險。

關鍵字

區域經濟板塊；區域創新環境力；投資風險度；台商推薦度

並列摘要

As soon as China continue to reform and opening up , it is going through the process to become an “Innovation-Driven” country, also popular entrepreneurship and innovation has become the main atmosphere of the society. That means China is transforming from a “low cost, low value-added, OEM, Plagiarism” country into a nation with “Differentiation, high value-added, high-tech industry, innovation ” factors. So it’s important to combine the power of government, enterprise and the public in order to construct an innovative environment. However, some of the Taiwanese businessman can’t keep up with the trend of innovation, they are facing business difficulties because of the new policy form the Chinese government, that makes them moving from coast to the inland. The former intensive areas of Taiwanese businessman such as Zhujiang, Yangtze River delta have already become China’s technology heartlands. Meanwhile, the West Triangle headed by cities such as Chongqing, Chengdu and Xi'an is rising rapidly, it has grown into one of the most important investment areas for Taiwanese businessman. 　　For reasons outlined above, this study is based on Taiwanese businessman that invested in Zhujiang, Yangtze River and West Triangle, trying to find out the relationships among Regional Innovative Environment, Investment Risk and Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen. By finishing the literature review, this study selected related variables, including：（1） Regional Innovative Environment are divided into“ Innovative Incubtion Environment”, “ Innovative Legal System Environment” , “ Innovative Promotion Environment” , “ Innovative Infrastructure Environment” ; （2）Investment Risk are divided into “Social Risk” , “Political Risk” , “Operating Risk” , “Transition Risk” ; （3）Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen are divided into “Development Potential of the City” , “Overall Investment Benefit”, “degree of international standards” , “Taiwanese businessmen’s interest protection”. In addition, compare the degrees between three regional economic blocks. This research adopts a questionnaire survey which obtains 295 effective responses, and find out six conclusion as followed： 1.Regional Innovative Environment is significantly related to Investment Risk. 2.Regional Innovative Environment has significant impact on Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen. 3.Investment Risk has significant impact on Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen. 4.Industrial characteristics have interference effect on relationships between Regional Innovative Environment and Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen. 5.Three Regional Economic Blocks have a significant difference from Regional Innovative Environment, Investment Risk and Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen. 6.City with different attributes have a significant difference from Regional Innovative Environment, Investment Risk and Recommendation of Taiwanese Businessmen.