- 學位論文
國民中學教科書評選之多準則關鍵因素評估
Multi-Criteria Evaluation for the Key Factor of Textbook Selection in Public Junior High School
摘要
教育為國家重要政策施行之一，而教科書是執行教育時不可或缺的重要工具。政府為推廣教科書多方發展，陸續開放民間廠商擁有編撰教科書的權力。自教科書開放以來，民間出版教科書的廠商不斷增加與發展，教科書種類也越趨多樣化，各級學校不免開始需要針對各家教科書進行挑選與購買，在這樣的環境下，教科書的評選模式開始逐漸發展起來，評選方式也越來越重要與講究。學術界開始出現很多對於教科書評選的相關研究與發展，教育部也在2003年公布了教科書評選所應該重視的各項重要因素給學校，教科書評選儼然成為每學年度各級學校非常重視的事情。而民間各教科書出版廠商面對這樣的趨勢，除了不斷努力探詢學校教師對於評選教科書時所重視的因素或想法，也花費大量成本來行銷自家教科書，每一學年度所舉辦的教科書評選會議，儼然成為教科書廠商最重視的一項學校活動，評選的結果也將影響教科書廠商一整年度的營運成果。而本研究的目的，就是希望找出具有豐富評選經驗的教師，對於評選教科書時的關鍵因素，提供教科書出版廠商做為未來營運的建議與參考。 本研究透過文獻分析法，收集學術界對於教科書評選的相關文獻與國民中學公立學校使用的教科書評選表來分析，建立適用於目前教科書評選的研究架構，並運用以決策實驗分析法為基礎的網路分析程序法，針對20名具有豐富評選教科書經驗的教師進行教科書評選因素之問卷分析。研究結果顯示，「發行屬性」、「內容屬性」、「教學屬性」是影響教科書評選的關鍵構面，且由因果圖顯示欲有效改善關鍵因素之績效，可以考慮由「發行屬性」與「內容屬性」著手改善，因為「發行屬性」與「內容屬性」兩者不只據有互相影響的屬性，也據有傾向影響其他構面的「因」屬性，因此由這兩項構面為出發點較具合理性。 在準則方面，「教材開發過程嚴謹」、「內容安排循序漸進」、「份量與難易度適用」、「內容設計完整」、「引導學生主動參予」、「教學設計多元豐富」、「教學目標具體明確」、「配套輔助資源健全」、「出版公司發展健全」是影響教科書評選的關鍵，且由因果圖顯示欲有效改善關鍵因素之績效，可以考慮由「教材開發過程嚴謹」與「出版公司發展健全」著手改善，因為「教材開發過程嚴謹」與「出版公司發展健全」，兩者據有互相影響的屬性以外，「教材開發過程嚴謹」據有影響其他所有準則的「因」屬性。本研究建議教科書廠商要特別重視據有「因」屬性的構面與準則，因為從源頭進行改善，才能從根本上提升教科書的品質，符合教師的期待。
並列摘要
Abstract Education is an important national policy and textbooks are an indispensable tool in its implementation. Since the origin of textbooks, the number of their manufacturers and publishers has increased. With time, textbooks are becoming even more diverse. Public junior high schools will inevitably need to select and purchase their own textbooks. In this environment, the textbooks selection method will be developed further as the schools pay more attention to the details during this process. A lot of research and development on textbook selection has been carried out in the academic community. In 2003, the Ministry of Education also announced the important factors that should be emphasized in the textbook selection for schools. Every year, the selection of textbooks has become a very important task for schools at all levels. Faced with such a trend, textbook publishers are constantly striving to explore the factors and ideas that school teachers value when selecting textbooks. These publishers also spend a lot of money to market their own textbooks. The textbook selection meeting that is held every academic year has become a school activity that is highly valued by textbook vendors. The results of the selection will also affect the year-round operational results of textbook vendors. The purpose of this study is to identify key factors in the selection of textbooks that experienced teachers care about. It will also provide advice and references for textbook publishers for their future operations. The collection of academic literature on the selection of textbooks as well as the textbook selection tables used by the schools was conducted via document analysis. Analytic Network Process (ANP) was used to establish a research architecture for current textbook selection. This utilization of ANP was based on a Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL）method which was used to analyze the data from 20 teachers’ questionnaires. The teachers who were questioned had rich experience in selecting textbooks. The research results show that “issuance attributes,” “content attributes,” and “teaching attributes” are key facets affecting the selection of textbooks. The cause and effect diagram shows that if you want to effectively improve the performance of key factors, you can consider improving the issuance attributes and the content attributes. This is because both the issuance attribute and the content attribute are not only based on the characteristics of mutual influence, but also have the “cause attribute” that affects other facets, so it is more reasonable to start from these two facets. In terms of criteria, “rigorous textbook development process,” “gradual progress in content arrangement,” “applicability of content and difficulty,” and “complete content design” guide students to actively participate. “Diversified teaching design,” “specifically clear teaching objectives,” “supporting complementary resources,” and “developing a sound publishing company” are the key factors affecting the selection of textbooks. The cause and effect diagram shows that if you want to effectively improve the performance of key factors, you can consider improving the rigorous textbook development process and framing sound publishing company criteria. In addition to the mutually influential attributes of rigorous textbook development process and developing a sound publishing, the rigorous textbook development process has a cause attribute that affects all of the other criteria. This research suggests that textbook vendors should pay special attention to the facets and criteria of the cause attribute, because the improvement from the source can fundamentally improve the quality of textbooks and meet the expectations of teachers. Keywords：The selection of textbooks, Key factors, Document Analysis, Analytic Network Process (ANP）based on Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory（DEMATEL）.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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