觀光休閒產業之移動與鏈結研究以台東豐年機場為例

摘要台東因交通不便，日漸形成如台灣本島的後山一般，此離島化現象，令台東土地未曾有效利用開發，也因此台東地區的天然景致得以原始保留，近年來也漸成為台灣地區觀光的發展重點之一。台東由於花東線鐵路及南迴鐵路尚未改善完成，往返台北、台東的交通陸運對觀光客而言過分耗時費工，故對規劃國內東部地區二日以上中長程旅遊旅客而言，未來勢必會考慮以空中運輸為主要交通工具。台東豐年機場位於花東地區觀光門戶，除了鏈結台灣本島外還鏈結綠島、蘭嶼兩外島區域。台東豐年機場近年來雖已做些許的擴建改善，但近來因受機票票價調漲影響下，客源紛紛轉向其他替代交通工具，造成旅客運量有逐年降低的現象。故現行的台東豐年機場需要更多的改善空間計畫。台東豐年機場可當作東部地區旅遊路網門戶起始點，方便旅客免於東西部往返的舟車勞頓。在提供搭機旅客舒適的環境外，一併將機場外圍相關空間納入規劃，並鏈結台東當地觀光休閒產業，使台東豐年機場自服務搭乘空中交通運輸工具旅客的單一機場角色，轉型發展成為服務對象廣泛的多元性觀光休閒轉運站。並參考峇裏島 Ngurah Rai國際機場、日本那霸機場、東山休息站、南投休息站、清水休息站成功發展模式，分析探討並歸納適合「台東豐年機場」鏈結觀光休閒產業後發展的多元性觀光休閒轉運站。期盼轉運站發展含有陸空海運交通轉乘諮詢處、當地特色美食餐廳、在地特產商展、當地藝術工作者表演處、自行車租借及維修服務站、自行車旅客住宿旅店、觀光休閒旅遊諮詢提供處、民宿代訂服務處、當地文化的行銷中心等。「觀光客倍增計畫」是行政院「挑戰2008—國家發展重點計畫」中投資計畫之一，台東豐沛的人文、自然、產業觀光資源，在積極尋求一級產業轉型為三級觀光休閒產業發展下，配合「東部地區自行車路網示範計畫」，藉由自行車移動與鏈結近郊相關旅遊景點與觀光休閒產業，創造新興的產業發展及人文旅遊型態，將台東發展成生態觀光區域，期盼打造台東成為以自行車慢遊城市。

關鍵字

台東豐年機場；觀光休閒產業；多元性觀光休閒轉運站；移動與鏈結

並列摘要

Abstract Taitung has been islandized from the rest of Taiwan for its outbound traffic being as inconvenient as that of a remote island, leaving Taitung under development along with the impressions of wasteland. And, however, such islandization has kept Taitung’s natural landscape well-preserved, for which Taitung has in recent years gradually gained the spotlight and considered as one of Taiwan’s major areas with tourism and leisure potential. Considering the railway systems, namely Hualien-Taitung Railway and South Link Railway, are still under improvement, along with the cost-and-time-consuming land transportation between Taipei and Taitung, any tour in the eastern region of Taiwan, especially for those scheduled for two or more days, will still heavily rely on air transportation. Taitung Airport, positioned as the main portal for Hualien and Taitung tourism, can provide the necessary linkage to the whole Taiwan, including Green Island and Orchid Island. However, despite some recent efforts in facility expansion and reinforcement for better passenger experience, the airport has been losing passengers since the air ticket price started rising and making tourists turn to alternative means of transport. Taitung Airport needs further improvement to deal with the situation. Taitung Airport - while positioning itself as the gateway and starting point of the sightseeing road network in the eastern region to facilitate the traveling between the eastern and western regions - can further establish itself as a multi-purposed leisure transfer station to serve more people by developing and coupling its surrounded area to Taitung’s local leisure business, becoming more than just an airport with passenger-friendlily environment. For such, a proper developing model can be resulted from case-study of several successful practices such as Bali Ngurah Rai International Airport, Japan's Naha airport, Dongshan rest stop, and Nantou rest stop, and Qingshui rest stop, by which the airport is expected to provide a series of services and facilities such as transportation advisory service, local cuisine restaurants, local specialty stores, local artists performing shows, bicycle rental and maintenance service, bike tourists stay hotels, tourism and leisure tourist information centers, B & B booking service, and local culture marketing centers. According to Doubling Visitor Arrivals Plan, one of the investing projects planed in the Executive Yuan's "Challenge 2008 - National Development Plan", Taitung is to transit itself from a Grade-1 industry area to Grade-3 leisure industry using its profundity in human, natural, and industrial resources. Specifically, Taitung will try to transfer itself into a leisure urban area welcoming slow bicycle tours with its ecotourism developed under a project named "Implementing Bicycle Road Network In The Eastern Region", in which a bicycle road network will be implemented to link the tourist attractions and tourism leisure facilities together to stimulate and cultivate new industrial development trend and cultural tourism style.