都市更新整建維護前期民眾參與之研究－以彰化市舊城慶安宮南側街廓為例

彰化舊城從開城以來至今已將近300年，文化底蘊的豐厚能夠透過舊城內既有的資源與生活空間透出端倪，然而因為地方過去密集開發與產業沒落，城市老舊軟硬體更新則成為官方首要努力的方向。都市更新除了重建的操作外，亦可透過整建維護保留原有城市的型態，以訴說舊城文化故事始末。而整建維護執行者的操作前提，需建立在對地方保存目標具有一定知識與認知，才能回應計畫當初設定的保留理念。然，透過慶安宮南側街廓從100年劃定為整建維護區後到103年配合更新計畫變更的都市計畫結果與田野，發現民眾與官方之間對地方再生方式的認知或知識具落差且未進行有效對話，在尚未凝聚共識最終所導向的計畫可能面臨地方特質的弱化，此與計畫當中所著重的地方文化再現概念方向具有分歧。這也說明計畫擬定當中的民眾參與機制並未確實發揮其傳達與對話的功能，而經歷此過程後所成形的計畫能真正傳達地方原本價值定位的目標是有限的。此困境亦傳達在認知未明的情況下所開放的參與，將導致地方城市永續經營的困境。故本研究透過回顧永續城市的基本概念來回應運用參與的前提，並從台南府城歷史街區振興計畫與萬華加蚋仔老舊街區活化所開放的參與，以H G的參與分裂階梯作為參與分析工具，分析其與地方計畫的配合模式，最後進入地方觀察參與平台其可置放的角色位置，歸整舊城施行整建維護前所需要的參與程度及建議。本研究結論為在地民眾對整建維護與地方保存的認知不足，在想像有限情況下，需要更多駐點宣導、實際操作上的知識與建構體感的行動，讓整建維護進入正式操作前，能清楚地方保存定位的原則。故整建維護前期的參與機制，需考量其參與的目的是為提升民眾能夠切入計畫核心對談的能力，並透過此機制使民眾逐步介入公共領域，培養關注地方事務甚至有機會成為操作者的目標，故對話平台在地方上的設置，不僅扮演地方群體與硬體的整合角色，亦作為凝聚地方意識的重要關鍵。

關鍵字

城市永續、都市更新、整建維護、民眾參與

並列摘要

The old city of Changhua has been around for nearly 300 years since it was built, which has a deep-rooted culturally can be revealed through the existing resources and living space. However, because of the intensive urban development and the recession of processing industry in the past, the renewal of the old facility and software of the city has become the policy goal of official efforts. In addition to the operation of reconstruction, urban renewal can also maintain the original city shape through reconstruction and maintenance. The prerequisites for the implementation of renovation and maintenance must be based on a certain knowledge and understanding of the local preservation goals in order to respond to the preservation concept originally set by the plan. However, through the urban planning results and the field research that coordinated the changes to the renewal plan in 2014 after the block on the south side of the Qing'an temple was designated as a renovation and maintenance area in 2011 , it was found that there is a gap between the civic and the government in the recognition or knowledge of local regeneration methods and without effective dialogue, the plan that ultimately leads to a plan that has not yet reached a consensus may face the weakening of local characteristics, which is at odds with the concept of local cultural reproduction that is emphasized in the plan. This also shows that the public participation mechanism in the planning of the plan does not actually perform its function of communication and dialogue, and the plan formed after this process can truly convey the goal of the original value positioning of the place is limited. This dilemma also conveys that open participation in the context of unknown awareness will lead to the dilemma of sustainable operation of local cities. Therefore, this research responds to the premise of using participation by reviewing the basic concepts of sustainable cities, and from the old region of Tainan Historic District Revitalization Project and the open participation of the Wanhua Jiala Old Street District Revitalization, with H G's participation in the split ladder as participation Analyze tools to analyze the mode of cooperation with local plans, and finally enter the local observation platform to observe the roles that can be placed, and summarize the degree of participation and suggestions required before the implementation of the renovation and maintenance of the old city. The conclusion of this study is that the local people have insufficient awareness of renovation and maintenance and local preservation. In the case of limited imagination, more station advocacy, practical knowledge and somatosensory actions are needed to make renovation and maintenance formal before making decisions and operations, participants can clearly understand the principles of local preservation and positioning. The action of establishing local awareness, and knowledge of preservation can also give the people the opportunity to have equal dialogue when entering the system of participation in the legal system process, and the government can also plan through conscious public cooperation. So the participation mechanism before urban renewal rehabilitation and conservation plan start, it needs to be considered that the purpose of its participation is to enhance the people’s ability to participate in the core dialogue of the project, and through this mechanism to enable the people to gradually intervene in the public sphere, cultivate attention to local affairs and even have the opportunity to become the target of the operator, so the dialogue platform is local The setting of not only plays the role of integrating local groups and hardware, but also serves as an important key to consolidating local awareness.