台灣光通訊產業經營績效之研究

光通訊產業因雲端資料中心的應用與物聯網急速發展，依據資策會Market Intelligence Center [MIC]預期至2025年將達411億美元，台灣廠商面對中國大陸的積極投資與廠商削價競爭，如何改善與維持台灣光通訊產業經營效率、提升競爭力為本研究探討之議題。本研究以Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)資料包絡分析法、視窗分析法分析並使用麥氏生產力指數評估台灣地區7家上市上櫃光通訊產業主動元件廠商，其在2014-2018年之經營績效。瞭解經營績效趨勢比較、生產力差異給予修改的方向與發展策略建議。本研究發現創威與凱鈺經營效率相對較好，而光環與華星光相對較低。數據顯示光環、華星光、眾達-KY與光聖，必須減少其投入項的資源，以提升經營效率。麥氏生產力跨期指數可以得知台灣光通訊主動元件產業在2014年至2018年不論在規模效率或MPI生產力皆顯示整體經營起伏高低不一，並未能搭上全球發展的供應需求，顯示台灣廠商具有進步的空間。前鼎、眾達、創威、光聖雖然擁有穩定的經營績效結果，但整體的生產技術值為0.691、0.852、0.772、0.985顯示生產無效率是首要提升的目標。策略實務上，光通訊產業的主動元件廠商並非為大者恆大的特色，從分析的廠商中得知部分廠商擁有較廣的產品線與垂直整合能力，但若關鍵晶片的技術開發能力無法跟上光通訊產業開發水平將嚴重影響績效發展，反而規模較小的廠商可從獲取關鍵晶片來穩定獲利，顯示該產業必須擁有關鍵晶片技術或原物料的來源的高度掌握，從此為策略擴展的方向，另外光環、華星光、眾達-KY、光聖此四間企業皆須面對高達30%~50% 高度比例的員工人數刪減，故企業需仔細評估人員效率的運用改善與產線作業面或產品線的規劃，也需考量市場上成本與利潤的價值性，來決策生產線策略。

關鍵字

光通訊產業；資料包絡分析法；視窗分析； Malmquist指數

並列摘要

The Fiber-optic communication industry is developing rapidly due to the application of the cloud data center and the Internet of Things. According to the Market Intelligence Center [MIC], the MIC is expected to reach 41.1 billion US dollars by 2025. With Taiwanese manufacturers facing the active investment of mainland China and the competition of manufacturers to cut prices, how to improve and maintain Taiwan's light The communication industry's operational efficiency and competitiveness are the topics of the research. This study implements the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Window Analysis, and Malmquist Index to evaluate seven OTC companies of Fiber Optical Components manufacturers in Taiwan, which have business performances in 2014-2018. Understand the comparison of business performance trends and productivity differences to give directions for revision and development strategy recommendations. The study found that Axcen and Tmtech have relatively good operating efficiency, while Truelight and Luxnet are relatively low. The data shows that Truelight, Luxnet, Pcltech –KY, and EZconn must reduce the resources of their inputs to improve operational efficiency. The Malmquist Index can be seen that Taiwan's Fiber Optical Components industry showed mixed fluctuations in overall operating efficiency or MPI productivity between 2014 and 2018, and failed to meet the global development supply demand. It shows that Taiwanese manufacturers still have room for improvement and future markets. Although APAC, Pcltech –KY, Axcen and EZconn have stable business performance results, the overall production technology value is 0.691, 0.852, 0.772.,0.985 It shows that the primary improvement goal is the production inefficiency. In the strategic practice, the active component manufacturers of the optical communication industry are not the characteristics of the larger Evergrande. Some vendors have learned that they have a wide product line and vertical integration capability, but if the technical development capability of key chips cannot follow the development level of the glazing communication industry will seriously affect the performance development. On the contrary, smaller manufacturers can obtain profit from the acquisition of key wafers, indicating that the industry must have a high level of mastery of key wafer technology or raw materials, and thus expand the strategy. In addition, Truelight, Luxnet, Pcltech –KY, and EZconn, all of the four companies must face up to 30%~50% of the reduction the number of employees, so companies need to carefully assess the use of personnel efficiency and production line operations, the planning of the surface or the production line. They also need to consider the value of cost and profit in the market to decide the production line strategy.