厭氧氨氧化污泥生物製劑配置與保存條件之研究

The study of configuration and storage conditions of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge bio-reagent

杜宗軒(Tsung-Hsuan Tu)

指導教授 ： 黃郁慈

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201900568

摘要

近年來氨氮廢水排入環境中造成諸多環境議題，各國開始訂定排放標準，使用物化法處理容易造成二次污染，故以生物處理程序處理對環境衝擊低，但厭氧氨氧化菌的生長速率緩慢，導致啟動處理程序的時間較慢，故透過將厭氧氨氧化菌以生物製劑方式保存，供給殖種。
本研究以垃圾滲出水廠之活性污泥作為原料，以聚乙二醇 (Polyethylene Glycol, PEG）作為抗凍劑，在在污泥與PEG重量比例為1:0.5與1:0.9，兩種不同比例下進行冷凍真空乾燥，將活性污泥製成生物製劑，所得之樣品以RT、-20℃、-80℃等溫度條件進行保存，定期以厭氧氨氧化活性(Specific Anammox Activity, SAA)實驗進行活化實驗，再通過聚合酶連鎖反應(Polymerase chain reaction , PCR)與即時聚合酶連鎖反應(Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Q-PCR)標的菌種，以確認活化污泥生物製劑活化後，是否含有厭氧氨氧化菌。
研究結果顯示，在常溫中60天內，污泥與PEG重量比為1:0.5與新鮮污泥相對活性比保留約50%，污泥與PEG重量比為1:0.9在 -80℃保存活性佳，適合長期保存，製劑型態為固體，在運輸與保存方面也相當便利。而在PCR結果，活性污泥生物製劑皆有標的到厭氧氨氧化菌物種，而在Q-PCR結果中發現，厭氧氨氧化菌的多樣性。

關鍵字

氨氮 ； 厭氧氨氧化菌 ； 聚乙二醇 ； 冷凍乾燥 ； 厭氧氨氧化活性

並列摘要

In recent years, the discharge of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater into the environment has caused many environmental problems. Countries have begun to set emission standards. The use of physicochemical treatments is likely to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, the biological treatment process has low environmental impact, but the growth rate of anammox bacteria. Slowly, the time required to start the treatment process is slow, so the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria are stored as a biological agent and supplied to the seed.
In this study, activated sludge from waste seepage water plant was used as raw material, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as antifreeze. The activated sludge was made into a bio-reagent by freeze-drying at a ratio of sludge to PEG of 1:0.5 and 1:0.9 at two different ratios. The obtained sample was stored at a temperature of RT, -20 ° C, and -80 ° C. The activation experiment was carried out periodically with the Specific Anammox Activity (SAA) experiment, followed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). The target species is used to confirm whether the anammox bacteria are contained after activation of the bio-reagent.
The results showed that in the 60 days at room temperature, the ratio of 1:0.5 was about 50% relative to the relative activity of fresh sludge. The ratio of 1:0.9 is good at -80 °C and is suitable for long-term storage. The formulation is solid and is also very convenient for transportation and storage. In the PCR results, the bio-reagents were labeled to the anammox species, and the diversity of anammox bacteria was found in Q-PCR results.

並列關鍵字

ammonia nitrogen ； anammox bacteria ； PEG ； freeze drying

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