以熊彼得理論觀點探討企業創新活動之研究－以生物科技產業為例

The Study of Firm's Innovative Activities- The View of Schumpeterian Model: Based on the Biotechnology Industry

郭碧濤(Pi-Tao Kuo)

指導教授 ： 謝龍發

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2001年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200100078

摘要

熊彼得(Schumpeter) 最早對競爭和產業結構兩者間動態關係進行分析，他認為競爭的核心要素和產業背後演化的驅動力是創新。創新不只創造了競爭優勢，他也提供顛覆其它企業競爭優勢的基礎。

本研究以熊彼得創新架構探討我國新興生物科技產業，其技術創新活動對企業競爭力之關係，間接驗證『熊彼得產業』的存在。並以熊彼得活動型態：替代性的『創造性毀滅』、互補性的『創造性累積』和本研究提出新生性的『創造性價值』為預測變數，驗證上述三種產業創新活動型態的正確性及與技術創新間關係。此外以創造力工作環境為干擾變數，探討對技術創新與企業競爭力間的影響。

本研究針對國內現有253家生物科技廠商進行問卷調查，回收有效問卷76份，經由統計方式整理，配合個案實證，可歸納出數點重要結論如下：
1. 國內生物科技產業存在熊彼得理論之『創造性毀滅』和『創造性累積』兩類創新活動。
2. 本研究提出之新生性『創造性價值』產業創新活動存在於生物科技產業。
3. 熊彼得理論『創造性毀滅』創新活動集中於小公司，『創造性累積』創新活動集中於大公司，在我國生物科技產業並不顯著。
4. 不同創新活動類型的產業環境，廠商採取技術創新類型傾向會有所差異。
5. 不同企業技術創新類型，廠商傾向創造力工作環境類型會有所差異。

關鍵字

創造性毀滅 ； 創造力工作環境 ； 創造性累積 ； 創造性價值 ； 企業競爭力 ； 技術創新 ； 產業創新

並列摘要

Schumpeter is the man who analyzed the dynamical relationships of competition and industrial construction at the earliest. He took innovation as the core factor of competition and the driving power of industrial evolvement. Innovation not only creates competitive advantage, it provides a basis for overturning the competitive advantage of other firms.

This study tries to explore the relationships of technology innovation activities and firm's competitiveness for the newborn biotechnology industry in Taiwan. It proves indirectly that "Schumpeterian industry" is in existence. The predictive variables of this study are Schumperian active types: substitutive "creative destroy", complementary "creative accumulation" and newborn "creative value". They prove the accuracy of three types of industrial innovation activities and relations with technological innovation. Work environment for creativity is the moderating variable to explore the influence between technological innovation and firm's competitiveness.

The main research target is the biotechnology industry in Taiwan. We mailed 253 examinations and the quantities of the valid examinations are 76. We analyzed with statistical methods and cases study to generalize some important conclusions as follow:

1. There are two types of Schunpeterian innovative activities for biotechnology industry in Taiwan.
2. Newborn "creative value" of this study is existent in biotechnology industry.
3. The innovative activities for Schumpeterian "creative destroy" centralizing on small firms and "creative accumulation" focusing on big firms are not supported for biotechnology industry in Taiwan.
4. The firms adapt the types of technology innovation depending on different innovative activities.
5. The firms adapt the types of work environment for creativity depending on different types of firm's technological innovation.

並列關鍵字

work environment for creativity. ； firm's competitiveness ； creative destroy ； industrial innovation ； creative value ； creative accumulation

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